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 The Anderson-Moore Algorithm
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An Example Calling the MATLAB Implementation of AIM

This model is from Jeffrey C. Fuhrer's June 2000 AER Paper "Habit Formation in Consumption and Its Implications for Monetary Policy". The paper argues that the inclusion of habit formation in the consumer's utility function improves the short-run dynamic behavior of the model. The data on real consumption spending exhibit a hump-shaped response to monetary shocks. Habit formation allows the model to match the delayed response of real spending to shocks. In addition, the more gradual response in real spending implies a more gradual response of inflation to policy shocks.

The consumption function is derived from the utility function

\begin{displaymath} U_t = \left( \frac{C_t}{Z_t} Z_t^{(1-\gamma)} \right)^{1-\sigma} \end{displaymath}

where Z is the habit-formation reference consumption level, defined as

\begin{equation} Z_t = \rho Z_{t-1} + (1-\rho) C_{t-1} \, .\label{eq:zlaw} \end{equation}

The Habit Formation Model

The Euler equation is expressed as

\begin{eqnarray} \label{eq:nonlin_euler} \frac{1}{C_t} \left( \frac{C_t}{Z_t^\gamma} \right)^{(1-\sigma)} - \gamma (1-\sigma)(1-\rho) P_t = \hspace{2in} && \end{eqnarray}

           \beta E_t \left[ (1+r_{t+1}) \frac{1}{C_{t+1}} \left( \frac{ C_{t+1}}{ Z_{t+1}^\gamma} \right)^{(1-\sigma)} \right] - \beta \gamma (1-\sigma)(1-\rho) E_t [ (1+r_{t+1}) P_{t+1}] && \nonumber

where

P_t \equiv \beta \rho E_t P_{t+1} + \frac{U_{t+1} (C_{t+1})}{\rho Z_{t+1}}

The Linear System to Estimate

The approximate log-linear consumption function:

c_t - y_t = E_t \sum_{j=1}^\infty \mu^j \left[\Delta y_{t+j} + a_1^* (p_{t+j+1} - p_{t+j}) + a_2^* (z_{t+j+1} - z_{t+j}) - \delta^* r_{t+j+1} \right] \, . \label{eq:textcfun}

p_t \equiv \beta \rho E_t p_{t+1} + b_1 c_t - b_2 z_t \label{eq:littlepdef}

Z_t = \rho Z_{t-1} + (1-\rho) C_{t-1} \, .\label{eq:zlaw}

The ex-ante real interest rate is defined as discounted weighted average of future short-term real interest rates:

r_t \equiv (1-d) \sum_{i=0}^{\infty} d^i E_t(f_{t+i} - \pi_{t+i+1}) \label{eq:rho}

Using the Anderson Moore Algorithm

 

The AIM routine requires three input files:

  1. A model file in MDLEZ syntax.
  2. A parameter file.
  3. A script to execute AIM.

Model Representation in MDLEZ

AIM requires an equation for each variable in the system. Some could be simple AR(1), VAR equations, or behavioral equations with or without restrictions. AIM will solve the complete system simultaneously for the saddle point solution. Also note, that the infinite lead equations have to be transformed to first order conditions. 

Here is what the MODELEZ  file for our example looks like. 

Below we will explain each line of the file. 



MODEL > habitrot

ENDOG >   

	  cnsndt   
	  c_       
	  yddt 	   
	  rff      
	  pdotcpix 
	  rreal    
	  z        
	  P        
	  pvdy     
	  pvdP     
	  pvdz     
          one      

EQUATION > cnsndt
EQ >   cnsndt - yddt = c0*one + (1-lambda)*pvdy + (1-lambda)*((gam*(1-sig)*(1-rho))/sig)*pvdP +
		(1-lambda)*(((1-sig)*gam)/sig)*pvdz - (1-lambda)*(delt/sig)*rreal + c_

EQUATION > c_
EQ > c_ = acc*LAG(c_,1)

EQUATION > yddt       
EQ > yddt       =  
 0.42308              * LAG(cnsndt  ,1) 
-0.22215              * LAG(cnsndt  ,2) 
+0.71526              * LAG(cnsndt  ,3) 
-0.52802              * LAG(cnsndt  ,4) 
+0.61076              * LAG(yddt    ,1) 
+0.14172              * LAG(yddt    ,2) 
-0.042076             * LAG(yddt    ,3) 
-0.11279              * LAG(yddt    ,4) 
+0.10946              * LAG(rff     ,1) 
-0.26679              * LAG(rff     ,2) 
+0.22829              * LAG(rff     ,3) 
-0.031833             * LAG(rff     ,4) 
-0.17172              * LAG(pdotcpix,1) 
+0.11959              * LAG(pdotcpix,2) 
+0.012267             * LAG(pdotcpix,3) 
-0.024734             * LAG(pdotcpix,4) 
+0.00011277           *     one 
  
EQUATION > rff      
EQ > rff      =  
 0.46672               * LAG(cnsndt  ,1) 
-1.06382               * LAG(cnsndt  ,2) 
+1.34250               * LAG(cnsndt  ,3) 
-0.46436               * LAG(cnsndt  ,4) 
+0.11369               * LAG(yddt    ,1) 
+0.02255               * LAG(yddt    ,2) 
-0.16794               * LAG(yddt    ,3) 
-0.16131               * LAG(yddt    ,4) 
+1.10657               * LAG(rff     ,1) 
-0.51594               * LAG(rff     ,2) 
+0.35818               * LAG(rff     ,3) 
-0.02744               * LAG(rff     ,4) 
+0.26021               * LAG(pdotcpix,1) 
-0.08949               * LAG(pdotcpix,2) 
+0.09837               * LAG(pdotcpix,3) 
-0.17087               * LAG(pdotcpix,4) 
+0.00141               *     one 
  
EQUATION > pdotcpix 
EQ > pdotcpix =  
 0.56316               * LAG(cnsndt  ,1) 
-0.70552               * LAG(cnsndt  ,2) 
-0.03313               * LAG(cnsndt  ,3) 
+0.23292               * LAG(cnsndt  ,4) 
+0.08268               * LAG(yddt    ,1) 
+0.24697               * LAG(yddt    ,2) 
-0.15223               * LAG(yddt    ,3) 
-0.08512               * LAG(yddt    ,4) 
+0.16054               * LAG(rff     ,1) 
-0.21888               * LAG(rff     ,2) 
-0.01572               * LAG(rff     ,3) 
+0.04213               * LAG(rff     ,4) 
+0.68637               * LAG(pdotcpix,1) 
+0.07805               * LAG(pdotcpix,2) 
+0.34762               * LAG(pdotcpix,3) 
-0.14149               * LAG(pdotcpix,4) 
+0.00348               *     one 
  
EQUATION > rreal
EQ > rff - LEAD(pdotcpix,1) = rreal - 40.0*(LEAD(rreal,1) - rreal) 

EQUATION > z
EQ > z = rhoz*LAG(z,1) + (1-rhoz)*LAG(cnsndt,1)

EQUATION > P
EQ > P = bet*rhoz*LEAD(P,1) + (((rho-sig)/(1-sig))*cnsndt - ((gam*(1-sig)-1)*(1-sig))*z)

EQUATION > pvdy
EQ > pvdy = rho*LEAD(pvdy,1) + (LEAD(yddt,1) - yddt)

EQUATION > pvdP
EQ > pvdP = rho*LEAD(pvdP,1) + (LEAD(P,1) - P)

EQUATION > pvdz
EQ > pvdz = rho*LEAD(pvdz,1) + (LEAD(z,1) - z)

EQUATION > one
EQ >       one = LAG(one,1)

END
The MDLEZ syntax of the linear model:

MODEL>
The name of the model.
ENDOG>
The names of the endogenous variables. In the AIM formulation, models must completely describe the long-run behavior of the system. Thus all variables are endogenous. "Exogenous variables must have, at least, a trivial forecasting equation.
EQUATION>
The name of the equation.
EQ>
The model equation definition.

The parameter file for our example called habitmodparams.m: 

 

% New parameter estimates 	     
c0       =  0.11490;
lambda	 =  0.25882; 
gam      =  0.79706;  
sig      =  6.11251;  
rho      =  0.99578;  
delt     = 28.48666;  
acc      =  0.88879; 
rhoz     =  0.00147; 
bet      =  0.99900;   
% Like values: 2366.38
The following script, which we call runhabitmod.m, executes AIM for the habit model: 
 
dirnam='./'; % directory of this example 
parnam='habitmodparams';
modnam='habitmod';
[cof, scof, cofb, param_, eqname_,...
 endog_, eqtype_, vtype_, neq, nlag, nlead, rts, lgrts,aimcode]=...
SPSolve(dirnam, modnam, parnam);
Sample run of the habit model:

Change the directory to the directory where the script resides:
In our example:
The script to run aim is: runhabitmod.m
The model file name is: habitmod
The parameter file name is: habitmodparams.m
 

 
 
mqmx3(174)% cd ~/yourPathTo/examples/habitmod

Call matlab and run the script 
 
msulx1(127)% matlab -nodesktop

                              < M A T L A B >
                  Copyright 1984-2005 The MathWorks, Inc.
                   Version 7.0.4.352 (R14) Service Pack 2
                              January 29, 2005

 
  To get started, type one of these: helpwin, helpdesk, or demo.
  For product information, visit www.mathworks.com.
 
>> addpath('~/sp_solve')
addpath('~/sp_solve')
>> runhabitmod
runhabitmod
SPSolve version:($Name:  $,$Revision: 1.4 $)

ans =

found Aim on system classpath

initializing parsers
Aim Java Parser Version 1.03: Reading from file ./habitmod...
Aim Java Parser Version 1.03: No syntactic errors found.
Checking for errors......
No semantic errors found.
chose modelez parser
>>

Displaying the results:

In the output below:
"cof" is the structural coefficients matrix (neqs by neqs*(nlag+nlead+1))
"cofb" is the reduced form coefficients matrix (neqs by neqs * nlag)
"scof" is the observable structure matrix (neqs by neqs*(nlag+1))
"rts" returns the eigenvector
"aimerr(aimcode)" returns a diagnostic message about the model
 where: "neq" = number of equations
        "nlag" =number of lags
        "nlead" =number of leads 


 

cof =

  Columns 1 through 7 

         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
    0.5280         0    0.1128    0.0318    0.0247         0         0
    0.4644         0    0.1613    0.0274    0.1709         0         0
   -0.2329         0    0.0851   -0.0421    0.1415         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0

  Columns 8 through 14 

         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0   -0.7153         0
         0         0         0         0         0   -1.3425         0
         0         0         0         0         0    0.0331         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0

  Columns 15 through 21 

         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
    0.0421   -0.2283   -0.0123         0         0         0         0
    0.1679   -0.3582   -0.0984         0         0         0         0
    0.1522    0.0157   -0.3476         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0

  Columns 22 through 28 

         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0    0.2221         0   -0.1417    0.2668
         0         0         0    1.0638         0   -0.0226    0.5159
         0         0         0    0.7055         0   -0.2470    0.2189
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0

  Columns 29 through 35 

         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
   -0.1196         0         0         0         0         0         0
    0.0895         0         0         0         0         0         0
   -0.0780         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0

  Columns 36 through 42 

         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0   -0.8888         0         0         0         0
         0   -0.4231         0   -0.6108   -0.1095    0.1717         0
         0   -0.4667         0   -0.1137   -1.1066   -0.2602         0
         0   -0.5632         0   -0.0827   -0.1605   -0.6864         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0   -0.9985         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0

  Columns 43 through 49 

         0         0         0         0         0         0    1.0000
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
   -0.0015         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0   -1.0008
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0   -1.0000         0

  Columns 50 through 56 

   -1.0000   -1.0000         0         0    3.4542         0         0
    1.0000         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0    1.0000         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0    1.0000         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0    1.0000         0         0         0
         0         0    1.0000         0  -41.0000         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0    1.0000         0
         0         0         0         0         0   25.9459    1.0000
         0    1.0000         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0    1.0000
         0         0         0         0         0    1.0000         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0

  Columns 57 through 63 

   -0.7412    0.0021    0.4941   -0.1149         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0   -0.0001         0         0         0
         0         0         0   -0.0014         0         0         0
         0         0         0   -0.0035         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
    1.0000         0         0         0         0         0   -1.0000
         0    1.0000         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0    1.0000         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0    1.0000         0         0         0

  Columns 64 through 70 

         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0   -1.0000   40.0000         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0   -0.0015         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0   -0.9958         0
         0         0         0         0   -1.0000         0   -0.9958
         0         0         0   -1.0000         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0

  Columns 71 through 72 

         0         0
         0         0
         0         0
         0         0
         0         0
         0         0
         0         0
         0         0
         0         0
         0         0
   -0.9958         0
         0         0

> cofb
cofb

cofb =

  Columns 1 through 7 

    0.0275         0    0.0205    0.0038    0.0510         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
   -0.5280         0   -0.1128   -0.0318   -0.0247         0         0
   -0.4644         0   -0.1613   -0.0274   -0.1709         0         0
    0.2329         0   -0.0851    0.0421   -0.1415         0         0
   -0.0487         0   -0.0144   -0.0036   -0.0164         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
    0.0266         0    0.0198    0.0037    0.0493         0         0
    0.5215         0    0.1143    0.0309    0.0283         0         0
    0.0236         0   -0.0818    0.0108   -0.1525         0         0
   -0.0020         0    0.0025   -0.0006    0.0041         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0

  Columns 8 through 14 

         0         0         0         0         0   -0.1501         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0    0.7153         0
         0         0         0         0         0    1.3425         0
         0         0         0         0         0   -0.0331         0
         0         0         0         0         0    0.0964         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0   -0.1450         0
         0         0         0         0         0   -0.7249         0
         0         0         0         0         0    0.4363         0
         0         0         0         0         0   -0.0116         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0

  Columns 15 through 21 

    0.0803   -0.0570    0.0332         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
   -0.0421    0.2283    0.0123         0         0         0         0
   -0.1679    0.3582    0.0984         0         0         0         0
   -0.1522   -0.0157    0.3476         0         0         0         0
   -0.0262    0.0337   -0.0091         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
    0.0775   -0.0550    0.0320         0         0         0         0
    0.0468   -0.2292   -0.0156         0         0         0         0
   -0.2465    0.1273    0.0285         0         0         0         0
    0.0068   -0.0029   -0.0024         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0

  Columns 22 through 28 

         0         0         0    0.0076         0    0.1320   -0.0010
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0   -0.2221         0    0.1417   -0.2668
         0         0         0   -1.0638         0    0.0226   -0.5159
         0         0         0   -0.7055         0    0.2470   -0.2189
         0         0         0   -0.0178         0   -0.0276   -0.0193
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0    0.0076         0    0.1273   -0.0009
         0         0         0    0.2326         0   -0.1401    0.2714
         0         0         0   -0.2488         0   -0.2211   -0.1108
         0         0         0    0.0097         0    0.0037    0.0045
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0

  Columns 29 through 35 

    0.1409         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
    0.1196         0         0         0         0         0         0
   -0.0895         0         0         0         0         0         0
    0.0780         0         0         0         0         0         0
   -0.0321         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
    0.1359         0         0         0         0         0         0
   -0.1221         0         0         0         0         0         0
   -0.0970         0         0         0         0         0         0
   -0.0016         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0

  Columns 36 through 42 

         0    0.4096    0.5316    0.2817   -0.3703   -0.0072         0
         0         0    0.8888         0         0         0         0
         0    0.4231         0    0.6108    0.1095   -0.1717         0
         0    0.4667         0    0.1137    1.1066    0.2602         0
         0    0.5632         0    0.0827    0.1605    0.6864         0
         0    0.0410    0.1052   -0.0349    0.1152   -0.0125         0
         0    0.9985         0         0         0         0         0
         0  -25.5133    0.5128    0.2718   -0.3573   -0.0069         0
         0   -0.4211    0.0173   -0.6039   -0.1157    0.1539         0
         0   25.5232   -0.9480   -0.4163    0.6149    0.4201         0
         0   -0.9990    0.0173    0.0057   -0.0103   -0.0165         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0

  Columns 43 through 48 

    0.0006         0         0         0         0    0.0247
         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0    0.0001
         0         0         0         0         0    0.0014
         0         0         0         0         0    0.0035
    0.0000         0         0         0         0    0.0266
    0.0015         0         0         0         0         0
   -0.0376         0         0         0         0    0.0239
    0.0000         0         0         0         0    0.0050
    0.0375         0         0         0         0   -0.1522
   -0.0015         0         0         0         0    0.0051
         0         0         0         0         0    1.0000

> scof
scof

scof =

  Columns 1 through 7 

         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
    0.5280         0    0.1128    0.0318    0.0247         0         0
    0.4644         0    0.1613    0.0274    0.1709         0         0
   -0.2329         0    0.0851   -0.0421    0.1415         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0

  Columns 8 through 14 

         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0   -0.7153         0
         0         0         0         0         0   -1.3425         0
         0         0         0         0         0    0.0331         0
         0         0         0         0         0   -2.1792         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0   -0.0000         0
         0         0         0         0         0    0.0087         0
         0         0         0         0         0   -0.0500         0
         0         0         0         0         0    0.0020         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0

  Columns 15 through 21 

         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
    0.0421   -0.2283   -0.0123         0         0         0         0
    0.1679   -0.3582   -0.0984         0         0         0         0
    0.1522    0.0157   -0.3476         0         0         0         0
   -0.4892   -0.1867   -0.5132         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
   -0.0000   -0.0000   -0.0001         0         0         0         0
   -0.0010    0.0010   -0.0034         0         0         0         0
    0.0617   -0.0145    0.1026         0         0         0         0
   -0.0025    0.0006   -0.0041         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0

  Columns 22 through 28 

         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0    0.2221         0   -0.1417    0.2668
         0         0         0    1.0638         0   -0.0226    0.5159
         0         0         0    0.7055         0   -0.2470    0.2189
         0         0         0    3.8889         0   -0.8960    1.3656
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0    0.0002         0   -0.0001    0.0001
         0         0         0    0.0066         0   -0.0045   -0.0001
         0         0         0   -0.2894         0    0.1680   -0.0718
         0         0         0    0.0116         0   -0.0067    0.0029
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0

  Columns 29 through 35 

         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
   -0.1196         0         0         0         0         0         0
    0.0895         0         0         0         0         0         0
   -0.0780         0         0         0         0         0         0
   -0.7108         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
   -0.0000         0         0         0         0         0         0
    0.0032         0         0         0         0         0         0
   -0.0604         0         0         0         0         0         0
    0.0024         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0

  Columns 36 through 42 

         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0   -0.8888         0         0         0         0
         0   -0.4231         0   -0.6108   -0.1095    0.1717         0
         0   -0.4667         0   -0.1137   -1.1066   -0.2602         0
         0   -0.5632         0   -0.0827   -0.1605   -0.6864         0
         0   -0.0078         0   -1.3527   -0.5530   -1.3616         0
         0   -0.9985         0         0         0         0         0
         0   -0.0000         0   -0.0002    0.0000   -0.0002         0
         0   -0.0095         0   -0.0022   -0.0034    0.0020         0
         0    0.2401         0    0.0928    0.1112   -0.0393         0
         0   -0.0096         0   -0.0037   -0.0045    0.0016         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0

  Columns 43 through 49 

         0         0         0         0         0         0    1.0000
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0    1.0785
   -0.0015         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0   -0.9634
         0         0         0         0         0         0   -0.0037
         0         0         0         0         0         0    0.0977
         0         0         0         0         0         0   -0.0037
         0         0         0         0         0   -1.0000         0

  Columns 50 through 56 

   -1.0000   -1.0000         0         0    3.4542         0         0
    1.0000         0         0         0         0         0         0
         0    1.0000         0         0         0         0         0
         0         0    1.0000         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0    1.0000         0         0         0
    4.2089   -1.4786    5.4462   -1.1865  -41.0000    0.0006         0
         0         0         0         0         0    1.0000         0
   -0.0008   -0.0004    0.0005    0.0000         0   25.9459    1.0000
   -0.0172    0.9906    0.0057    0.0185         0   -0.0000         0
    0.4312    0.1428   -0.2550   -0.4115         0    0.0002    1.0000
   -0.0173   -0.0057    0.0102    0.0165         0    1.0000         0
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0

  Columns 57 through 60 

   -0.7412    0.0021    0.4941   -0.1149
         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0   -0.0001
         0         0         0   -0.0014
         0         0         0   -0.0035
         0         0         0    1.0596
         0         0         0         0
         0         0         0   -0.0000
    1.0000         0         0   -0.0051
         0    1.0000         0    0.1277
         0         0    1.0000   -0.0051
         0         0         0    1.0000

> rts
rts

rts =

   1.0e+02 *

   6.7958          
   0.0112          
   0.0100 + 0.0000i
   0.0100 - 0.0000i
   0.0100          
   0.0100          
   0.0092 + 0.0009i
   0.0092 - 0.0009i
   0.0089          
   0.0071          
   0.0059 + 0.0027i
   0.0059 - 0.0027i
  -0.0013 + 0.0062i
  -0.0013 - 0.0062i
  -0.0029 + 0.0051i
  -0.0029 - 0.0051i
  -0.0023 + 0.0028i
  -0.0023 - 0.0028i
   0.0020 + 0.0016i
   0.0020 - 0.0016i
  -0.0000 + 0.0000i
  -0.0000 - 0.0000i
   0.0000 + 0.0000i
   0.0000 - 0.0000i


> aimerr(aimcode)
aimerr(aimcode)

ans =

Aim: unique solution.

>

.

References

1
Gary Anderson. A reliable and computationally efficient algorithm for imposing the saddle point property in dynamic models. Unpublished Manuscript, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, 1997.

2
Gary Anderson and George Moore. A linear algebraic procedure for solving linear perfect foresight models. Economics Letters, 17, 1985.

3
Michael W. Berry. Large scale sparse singular value computations. University of Tennessee, Department of Computer Science, 1996.

4
Olivier Jean Blanchard and C. Kahn. The solution of linear difference models under rational expectations. Econometrica, 48, 1980.

5
Gene H. Golub and Charles F. van Loan. Matrix Computations. Johns Hopkins, 1989.

6
E. V. Krishnamurthy. Parallel Processing: Principles and Practice. Addison-Wesley, 1989.

7
David G. Luenberger. Time-invariant descriptor systems. Automatica, 14:473-480, 1978.

8
Ben Noble. Applied Linear Algebra. Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1969.

9
J. Taylor. Conditions for unique solutions in stochastic macroeconomic models with rational expectations. Econometrica, 45:1377-1385, |SEP| 77.

10
C. H. Whiteman. Linear Rational Expectations Models: A User's Guide. University of Minnesota, 1983.




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Last update: January 2006