Accessible Version
European Energy Import Dependency, Accessible Data
Figure 1. Time Series Chart of European Energy Import Dependency 1990-2023
Energy Import Dependency Ratio ( percent)
| Date | EIDR |
|---|---|
| 1990 | 50.0 |
| 1991 | 50.5 |
| 1992 | 51.7 |
| 1993 | 50.3 |
| 1994 | 51.3 |
| 1995 | 52.2 |
| 1996 | 52.7 |
| 1997 | 53.6 |
| 1998 | 55.4 |
| 1999 | 55.0 |
| 2000 | 56.3 |
| 2001 | 55.8 |
| 2002 | 56.3 |
| 2003 | 56.9 |
| 2004 | 56.9 |
| 2005 | 57.8 |
| 2006 | 58.2 |
| 2007 | 57.2 |
| 2008 | 58.4 |
| 2009 | 57.2 |
| 2010 | 55.7 |
| 2011 | 56.3 |
| 2012 | 54.9 |
| 2013 | 53.9 |
| 2014 | 54.4 |
| 2015 | 56.0 |
| 2016 | 56.1 |
| 2017 | 57.5 |
| 2018 | 58.1 |
| 2019 | 60.5 |
| 2020 | 57.5 |
| 2021 | 55.5 |
| 2022 | 62.5 |
| 2023 | 58.3 |
| 2024 |
A time series chart of European energy import dependency from 1990-2023, demonstrated as the energy import dependence ratio (EIDR) in percentages.
Source: Eurostat NRG_QUANTA.
Figure 2. Trends in Gross Available Energy, EU, 1990-2023
Energy Usage in Terajoule (TJ, in million)
| Year | GAE (million terajoule) |
|---|---|
| 1990 | 62.4 |
| 1991 | 62.1 |
| 1992 | 60.5 |
| 1993 | 60.4 |
| 1994 | 60.1 |
| 1995 | 62.1 |
| 1996 | 64.3 |
| 1997 | 64.0 |
| 1998 | 64.4 |
| 1999 | 63.8 |
| 2000 | 64.4 |
| 2001 | 66.1 |
| 2002 | 66.2 |
| 2003 | 67.8 |
| 2004 | 68.8 |
| 2005 | 69.1 |
| 2006 | 69.8 |
| 2007 | 69.0 |
| 2008 | 68.9 |
| 2009 | 64.7 |
| 2010 | 67.3 |
| 2011 | 65.3 |
| 2012 | 64.4 |
| 2013 | 63.7 |
| 2014 | 61.5 |
| 2015 | 62.3 |
| 2016 | 62.9 |
| 2017 | 64.2 |
| 2018 | 63.9 |
| 2019 | 62.9 |
| 2020 | 57.7 |
| 2021 | 61.2 |
| 2022 | 58.5 |
| 2023 | 56.1 |
| 2024 |
A time series plot of EU energy usage from 1990-2023, demonstrated as gross available energy in terajoules (million).
Source: Eurostat NRG_QUANTA
Figure 3. Energy Intensity, EU, 1995-2023
Terajoule per million Euro
| Date | enr_intensity |
|---|---|
| 1990 | |
| 1991 | |
| 1992 | |
| 1993 | |
| 1994 | |
| 1995 | 7.4 |
| 1996 | 7.5 |
| 1997 | 7.3 |
| 1998 | 7.1 |
| 1999 | 6.9 |
| 2000 | 6.7 |
| 2001 | 6.7 |
| 2002 | 6.6 |
| 2003 | 6.7 |
| 2004 | 6.7 |
| 2005 | 6.6 |
| 2006 | 6.4 |
| 2007 | 6.1 |
| 2008 | 6.1 |
| 2009 | 6.0 |
| 2010 | 6.1 |
| 2011 | 5.8 |
| 2012 | 5.8 |
| 2013 | 5.7 |
| 2014 | 5.4 |
| 2015 | 5.4 |
| 2016 | 5.3 |
| 2017 | 5.3 |
| 2018 | 5.1 |
| 2019 | 5.0 |
| 2020 | 4.8 |
| 2021 | 4.8 |
| 2022 | 4.4 |
| 2023 | 4.3 |
| 2024 |
A time series plot of energy intensity in the EU from 1995-2023 demonstrated in TJ per € million.
Source: Eurostat NAMA_10, Eurostat NRG_QUANTA.
Figure 4. Trends in Overall Energy Production, EU, 1990-2023
Energy production in terajoule (TJ, in million)
| Year | Primary Energy Production (millionterajoule) |
|---|---|
| 1990 | 31.1 |
| 1991 | 30.4 |
| 1992 | 29.9 |
| 1993 | 29.7 |
| 1994 | 29.2 |
| 1995 | 29.5 |
| 1996 | 30.3 |
| 1997 | 29.9 |
| 1998 | 28.6 |
| 1999 | 28.3 |
| 2000 | 28.3 |
| 2001 | 28.7 |
| 2002 | 28.9 |
| 2003 | 29.1 |
| 2004 | 29.7 |
| 2005 | 29.4 |
| 2006 | 29.5 |
| 2007 | 28.9 |
| 2008 | 29.3 |
| 2009 | 28.0 |
| 2010 | 29.1 |
| 2011 | 28.6 |
| 2012 | 28.9 |
| 2013 | 28.9 |
| 2014 | 28.2 |
| 2015 | 27.6 |
| 2016 | 26.9 |
| 2017 | 26.8 |
| 2018 | 26.7 |
| 2019 | 25.9 |
| 2020 | 24.0 |
| 2021 | 25.0 |
| 2022 | 23.6 |
| 2023 | 23.2 |
| 2024 |
Trends in overall energy production in the EU from 1990-2023, demonstrated in million terajoules.
Source: Eurostat NRG_QUANTA.
Figure 5. Breakdown of Energy Production by Source, EU, 1990-2023
Energy production in terajoule (TJ, in million)
| Date | Solid fossil fuels | Peat and peat products | Oil shale and oil sands | Natural gas | Oil and petroleum products (excluding biofuel portion) |
Renewables and biofuels | Non-renewable waste | Nuclear heat | Heat |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990 | 12.8 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 5.2 | 1.7 | 3.0 | 0.2 | 7.9 | 0.0 |
| 1991 | 11.7 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 5.4 | 1.6 | 3.1 | 0.2 | 8.1 | 0.0 |
| 1992 | 11.2 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 5.3 | 1.6 | 3.2 | 0.2 | 8.1 | 0.0 |
| 1993 | 10.5 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 5.4 | 1.6 | 3.3 | 0.2 | 8.4 | 0.0 |
| 1994 | 10.0 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 5.2 | 1.7 | 3.4 | 0.2 | 8.3 | 0.0 |
| 1995 | 10.0 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 5.3 | 1.7 | 3.5 | 0.2 | 8.6 | 0.0 |
| 1996 | 9.8 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 5.7 | 1.6 | 3.6 | 0.2 | 9.0 | 0.0 |
| 1997 | 9.6 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 5.3 | 1.7 | 3.8 | 0.2 | 9.1 | 0.0 |
| 1998 | 8.7 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 5.0 | 1.7 | 3.9 | 0.2 | 9.0 | 0.0 |
| 1999 | 8.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 4.8 | 1.7 | 3.9 | 0.2 | 9.2 | 0.0 |
| 2000 | 7.9 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 4.7 | 1.9 | 4.0 | 0.2 | 9.3 | 0.0 |
| 2001 | 7.8 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 4.8 | 1.8 | 4.2 | 0.3 | 9.6 | 0.0 |
| 2002 | 7.8 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 4.7 | 2.0 | 4.1 | 0.3 | 9.8 | 0.0 |
| 2003 | 7.7 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 4.6 | 2.0 | 4.4 | 0.3 | 9.8 | 0.0 |
| 2004 | 7.6 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 4.9 | 2.0 | 4.7 | 0.3 | 10.0 | 0.0 |
| 2005 | 7.4 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 4.7 | 1.9 | 5.0 | 0.3 | 9.9 | 0.0 |
| 2006 | 7.2 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 4.6 | 1.8 | 5.2 | 0.3 | 9.9 | 0.0 |
| 2007 | 7.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 4.4 | 1.7 | 5.7 | 0.4 | 9.4 | 0.0 |
| 2008 | 6.7 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 4.6 | 1.6 | 6.1 | 0.4 | 9.6 | 0.0 |
| 2009 | 6.3 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 4.3 | 1.5 | 6.3 | 0.4 | 8.9 | 0.0 |
| 2010 | 6.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 4.6 | 1.4 | 7.1 | 0.4 | 9.2 | 0.0 |
| 2011 | 6.3 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 4.3 | 1.3 | 6.9 | 0.5 | 9.0 | 0.0 |
| 2012 | 6.3 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 4.2 | 1.3 | 7.7 | 0.5 | 8.7 | 0.0 |
| 2013 | 5.9 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 4.2 | 1.2 | 8.1 | 0.5 | 8.6 | 0.0 |
| 2014 | 5.7 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 3.6 | 1.2 | 8.2 | 0.5 | 8.7 | 0.0 |
| 2015 | 5.6 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 3.0 | 1.2 | 8.4 | 0.5 | 8.5 | 0.0 |
| 2016 | 5.2 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 3.0 | 1.1 | 8.6 | 0.6 | 8.3 | 0.0 |
| 2017 | 5.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 2.8 | 1.0 | 8.8 | 0.6 | 8.2 | 0.0 |
| 2018 | 4.9 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 2.5 | 1.0 | 9.2 | 0.6 | 8.2 | 0.0 |
| 2019 | 4.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 2.2 | 0.9 | 9.5 | 0.6 | 8.2 | 0.0 |
| 2020 | 3.5 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 1.7 | 0.9 | 9.8 | 0.6 | 7.3 | 0.0 |
| 2021 | 3.8 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 1.6 | 0.8 | 10.2 | 0.6 | 7.8 | 0.0 |
| 2022 | 3.9 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 1.5 | 0.8 | 10.2 | 0.6 | 6.5 | 0.0 |
| 2023 | 3.2 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 1.2 | 0.8 | 10.6 | 0.6 | 6.6 | 0.0 |
| 2024 |
A time-series breakdown of energy production by source in the EU from 1990-2023, demonstrated in million terajoules.
Source: Eurostat NRG_QUANTA.