Accessible Version
The Global Trade Effects of the AI Infrastructure Boom, Accessible Data
Figure 1. AI-Related Computing Capacity
Left Panel 1A. Existing Capacity (through H1 2025)
| date | China | European Union | Rest of world | U.S. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1/16/2020 | 7.38 | 0.65 | 3.00 | 7.26 |
| 2/16/2020 | 7.38 | 1.56 | 3.00 | 7.26 |
| 3/16/2020 | 7.38 | 1.56 | 3.13 | 7.26 |
| 4/16/2020 | 7.38 | 2.06 | 3.19 | 8.71 |
| 5/16/2020 | 7.38 | 2.06 | 3.19 | 9.64 |
| 6/16/2020 | 8.67 | 2.39 | 3.51 | 10.46 |
| 7/16/2020 | 9.67 | 2.45 | 3.62 | 10.96 |
| 8/16/2020 | 9.67 | 2.45 | 3.62 | 11.36 |
| 9/16/2020 | 11.27 | 2.45 | 3.62 | 11.58 |
| 10/16/2020 | 11.27 | 2.45 | 4.10 | 11.58 |
| 11/16/2020 | 12.60 | 3.78 | 4.40 | 14.23 |
| 12/16/2020 | 12.60 | 3.78 | 4.40 | 14.23 |
| 1/16/2021 | 12.60 | 3.78 | 5.52 | 14.58 |
| 2/16/2021 | 12.60 | 3.86 | 5.71 | 14.58 |
| 3/16/2021 | 18.60 | 4.01 | 5.84 | 14.58 |
| 4/16/2021 | 22.60 | 4.09 | 5.88 | 14.68 |
| 5/16/2021 | 22.70 | 4.09 | 7.00 | 18.14 |
| 6/16/2021 | 22.70 | 5.70 | 8.05 | 21.79 |
| 7/16/2021 | 26.20 | 5.70 | 8.05 | 21.79 |
| 8/16/2021 | 26.30 | 5.70 | 8.05 | 23.59 |
| 9/16/2021 | 26.60 | 5.85 | 8.37 | 23.59 |
| 10/16/2021 | 26.70 | 6.27 | 8.37 | 23.59 |
| 11/16/2021 | 26.70 | 6.27 | 10.88 | 25.29 |
| 12/16/2021 | 27.20 | 6.27 | 11.04 | 26.23 |
| 1/16/2022 | 27.20 | 6.27 | 12.57 | 28.13 |
| 2/16/2022 | 27.20 | 6.27 | 12.57 | 29.27 |
| 3/16/2022 | 27.20 | 6.27 | 12.57 | 29.27 |
| 4/16/2022 | 28.00 | 6.27 | 12.57 | 39.19 |
| 5/16/2022 | 28.50 | 6.27 | 12.88 | 65.74 |
| 6/16/2022 | 28.50 | 7.54 | 13.40 | 66.02 |
| 7/16/2022 | 30.50 | 7.54 | 14.95 | 66.02 |
| 8/16/2022 | 43.50 | 7.54 | 14.95 | 68.32 |
| 9/16/2022 | 43.70 | 12.10 | 14.95 | 68.60 |
| 10/16/2022 | 43.80 | 12.10 | 15.19 | 74.51 |
| 11/16/2022 | 45.80 | 16.41 | 16.36 | 75.21 |
| 12/16/2022 | 45.90 | 16.41 | 16.82 | 75.21 |
| 1/16/2023 | 46.90 | 16.41 | 16.98 | 79.50 |
| 2/16/2023 | 46.90 | 16.41 | 17.94 | 79.88 |
| 3/16/2023 | 46.90 | 16.41 | 22.61 | 83.84 |
| 4/16/2023 | 47.30 | 16.41 | 22.77 | 83.84 |
| 5/16/2023 | 47.80 | 16.41 | 23.13 | 89.84 |
| 6/16/2023 | 48.60 | 17.00 | 23.93 | 96.62 |
| 7/16/2023 | 48.90 | 17.00 | 24.46 | 121.37 |
| 8/16/2023 | 49.80 | 17.54 | 24.59 | 147.02 |
| 9/16/2023 | 54.00 | 17.54 | 25.77 | 156.91 |
| 10/16/2023 | 54.00 | 18.55 | 25.93 | 163.79 |
| 11/16/2023 | 54.00 | 24.48 | 44.88 | 216.07 |
| 12/16/2023 | 54.50 | 24.48 | 50.97 | 247.77 |
| 1/16/2024 | 63.50 | 24.48 | 50.97 | 247.77 |
| 2/16/2024 | 63.50 | 24.48 | 51.22 | 249.77 |
| 3/16/2024 | 128.70 | 24.48 | 61.86 | 335.16 |
| 4/16/2024 | 129.10 | 26.37 | 81.97 | 355.20 |
| 5/16/2024 | 137.10 | 34.29 | 87.99 | 359.04 |
| 6/16/2024 | 176.10 | 35.39 | 120.68 | 363.92 |
| 7/16/2024 | 216.10 | 40.12 | 141.59 | 368.76 |
| 8/16/2024 | 231.10 | 40.12 | 141.59 | 411.37 |
| 9/16/2024 | 239.10 | 43.72 | 153.20 | 511.26 |
| 10/16/2024 | 271.10 | 45.23 | 165.59 | 729.87 |
| 11/16/2024 | 297.10 | 50.55 | 168.63 | 915.28 |
| 12/16/2024 | 349.10 | 50.55 | 168.63 | 919.20 |
| 1/16/2025 | 58.56 | 181.49 | 920.21 | |
| 2/16/2025 | 58.56 | 181.49 | 1,118.21 | |
| 3/16/2025 | 58.56 | 181.49 | 1,120.24 | |
| 4/16/2025 | 58.56 | 181.49 | 1,124.20 | |
| 5/16/2025 | 58.56 | 181.49 | 1,124.20 | |
| 6/16/2025 | 84.52 | 197.10 | 1,128.19 | |
| 7/16/2025 | 359.00 | 84.52 | 197.10 | 1,401.19 |
Right Panel 1B. Planned Capacity (through 2030)
| date | U.S. | Rest of world | European Union |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1/16/2014 | - | - | - |
| 11/16/2016 | 0.02 | 0.06 | NA |
| 5/16/2017 | 0.20 | NA | NA |
| 6/16/2017 | 0.23 | 0.19 | NA |
| 10/16/2017 | 2.98 | NA | NA |
| 11/16/2017 | 3.01 | 0.40 | NA |
| 1/16/2018 | NA | NA | 0.06 |
| 3/16/2018 | 3.67 | 0.41 | NA |
| 6/16/2018 | 9.29 | 1.00 | NA |
| 7/16/2018 | NA | 1.09 | NA |
| 11/16/2018 | 9.70 | 1.34 | NA |
| 4/16/2019 | NA | 1.46 | NA |
| 5/16/2019 | NA | 1.59 | NA |
| 6/16/2019 | NA | 2.05 | 0.61 |
| 7/16/2019 | 9.83 | 2.18 | NA |
| 8/16/2019 | 9.89 | NA | NA |
| 9/16/2019 | 10.07 | 2.24 | 0.65 |
| 10/16/2019 | NA | 2.35 | NA |
| 11/16/2019 | 10.34 | 2.88 | NA |
| 12/16/2019 | 10.78 | NA | NA |
| 1/16/2020 | NA | 3.08 | NA |
| 2/16/2020 | NA | NA | 1.56 |
| 3/16/2020 | NA | 3.21 | NA |
| 4/16/2020 | 12.23 | 3.27 | 2.06 |
| 5/16/2020 | 13.16 | NA | NA |
| 6/16/2020 | 13.97 | 3.59 | 2.39 |
| 7/16/2020 | 14.48 | 3.71 | 2.45 |
| 8/16/2020 | 14.87 | NA | NA |
| 9/16/2020 | 15.09 | NA | NA |
| 10/16/2020 | NA | 4.18 | NA |
| 11/16/2020 | 17.74 | 4.48 | 3.78 |
| 1/16/2021 | 18.09 | 5.60 | NA |
| 2/16/2021 | NA | 5.79 | 3.86 |
| 3/16/2021 | NA | 5.92 | 4.01 |
| 4/16/2021 | 18.19 | 5.96 | 4.09 |
| 5/16/2021 | 21.65 | 7.08 | NA |
| 6/16/2021 | 25.30 | 8.13 | 5.70 |
| 8/16/2021 | 27.11 | NA | NA |
| 9/16/2021 | NA | 8.45 | 5.85 |
| 10/16/2021 | NA | NA | 6.27 |
| 11/16/2021 | 28.80 | 10.97 | NA |
| 12/16/2021 | 29.75 | 11.12 | NA |
| 1/16/2022 | 31.65 | 12.65 | NA |
| 2/16/2022 | 32.79 | NA | NA |
| 4/16/2022 | 42.70 | NA | NA |
| 5/16/2022 | 69.25 | 12.96 | NA |
| 6/16/2022 | 69.54 | 13.49 | 7.54 |
| 7/16/2022 | NA | 15.03 | NA |
| 8/16/2022 | 71.84 | NA | NA |
| 9/16/2022 | 72.12 | NA | 12.10 |
| 10/16/2022 | 78.03 | 15.27 | NA |
| 11/16/2022 | 78.73 | 16.44 | 16.41 |
| 12/16/2022 | NA | 16.90 | NA |
| 1/16/2023 | 83.02 | 17.06 | NA |
| 2/16/2023 | 83.40 | 18.02 | NA |
| 3/16/2023 | 87.36 | 22.69 | NA |
| 4/16/2023 | NA | 22.85 | NA |
| 5/16/2023 | 108.16 | 23.21 | NA |
| 6/16/2023 | 114.94 | 24.01 | 17.00 |
| 7/16/2023 | 139.69 | 24.54 | NA |
| 8/16/2023 | 165.34 | 24.67 | 17.54 |
| 9/16/2023 | 175.23 | 25.86 | NA |
| 10/16/2023 | 182.11 | 26.02 | 18.55 |
| 11/16/2023 | 234.39 | 44.97 | 24.48 |
| 12/16/2023 | 266.09 | 51.06 | NA |
| 2/16/2024 | 268.08 | 51.30 | NA |
| 3/16/2024 | 353.48 | 61.95 | NA |
| 4/16/2024 | 373.52 | 82.06 | 26.37 |
| 5/16/2024 | 377.35 | 88.07 | 34.29 |
| 6/16/2024 | 382.24 | 120.76 | 35.39 |
| 7/16/2024 | 387.08 | 141.67 | 40.12 |
| 8/16/2024 | 429.69 | NA | NA |
| 9/16/2024 | 529.58 | 153.28 | 43.72 |
| 10/16/2024 | 748.19 | 165.67 | 45.23 |
| 11/16/2024 | 933.60 | 168.71 | 50.55 |
| 12/16/2024 | 937.52 | NA | NA |
| 1/16/2025 | 938.53 | 181.57 | 58.56 |
| 2/16/2025 | 1,136.53 | NA | NA |
| 3/16/2025 | 1,138.56 | NA | NA |
| 4/16/2025 | 1,142.52 | NA | NA |
| 6/16/2025 | 1,146.51 | 197.19 | 84.52 |
| 7/16/2025 | 1,419.51 | NA | NA |
| 12/16/2025 | 2,943.14 | 332.58 | 158.32 |
| 12/16/2026 | 9,972.04 | 1,294.75 | 258.32 |
| 12/16/2027 | 15,682.04 | 2,424.75 | 278.12 |
| 12/16/2028 | NA | 7,950.65 | 2,578.12 |
| 12/16/2029 | NA | 10,610.65 | NA |
| 12/16/2030 | 40,867.25 | 32,299.68 | 2,603.32 |
Notes: Point operations (calculations) per second measure the quantity and speed of supercomputer computing capacity. Figures are scaled to quintillions (1018) for readability. Figures represent the sum of each reported AI supercomputer or cluster’s reported capacity reported by Epoch AI. Artificial intelligence (AI) supercomputer capacity figures represent an estimated 10 to 20 percent of existing global computing capacity. Data extend through July 2025 in the left panel. Chinese data, including the July 2025 point shown by the red dot, reflect verified systems and should be interpreted as lower-bound estimates, reflecting both limited coverage and the broader opacity surrounding China’s computing infrastructure data. The right chart shows planned AI cluster expansion available in the data through 2030. Clusters with 16-bit OP/s of less than 1x1020 marked as planned without a year specified in the data are included in the 2030 cumulative figure. We omit Chinese data from the right panel because of limited information on planned projects through 2030.
Source: Epoch AI, FRB Staff Calculations.
Figure 2. AI-Related Imports
Left Panel 2A. Global AI Imports
| date | World AI imports |
|---|---|
| 1/1/2022 | 24.15 |
| 2/1/2022 | 20.04 |
| 3/1/2022 | 23.43 |
| 4/1/2022 | 23.52 |
| 5/1/2022 | 23.56 |
| 6/1/2022 | 24.41 |
| 7/1/2022 | 24.38 |
| 8/1/2022 | 22.79 |
| 9/1/2022 | 23.18 |
| 10/1/2022 | 23.39 |
| 11/1/2022 | 22.88 |
| 12/1/2022 | 22.43 |
| 1/1/2023 | 18.30 |
| 2/1/2023 | 16.37 |
| 3/1/2023 | 20.85 |
| 4/1/2023 | 18.82 |
| 5/1/2023 | 18.97 |
| 6/1/2023 | 20.42 |
| 7/1/2023 | 20.92 |
| 8/1/2023 | 21.43 |
| 9/1/2023 | 22.11 |
| 10/1/2023 | 24.71 |
| 11/1/2023 | 23.65 |
| 12/1/2023 | 22.82 |
| 1/1/2024 | 22.18 |
| 2/1/2024 | 21.19 |
| 3/1/2024 | 28.07 |
| 4/1/2024 | 29.24 |
| 5/1/2024 | 30.36 |
| 6/1/2024 | 34.16 |
| 7/1/2024 | 38.53 |
| 8/1/2024 | 37.16 |
| 9/1/2024 | 39.93 |
| 10/1/2024 | 38.95 |
| 11/1/2024 | 36.27 |
| 12/1/2024 | 37.15 |
| 1/1/2025 | 39.56 |
| 2/1/2025 | 35.40 |
| 3/1/2025 | 52.32 |
| 4/1/2025 | 46.76 |
| 5/1/2025 | 51.99 |
| 6/1/2025 | 46.15 |
| 7/1/2025 | 49.82 |
Right Panel 2B. AI Imports by Country
| date | Mexico | China and Hong Kong | European Union | U.S. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1/1/2022 | 0.86 | 7.21 | 2.70 | 5.83 |
| 2/1/2022 | 1.50 | 4.71 | 2.43 | 5.06 |
| 3/1/2022 | 1.09 | 5.51 | 2.27 | 7.13 |
| 4/1/2022 | 1.50 | 5.70 | 2.16 | 7.10 |
| 5/1/2022 | 1.45 | 6.00 | 2.43 | 6.87 |
| 6/1/2022 | 1.42 | 6.05 | 2.25 | 7.57 |
| 7/1/2022 | 1.41 | 5.96 | 2.34 | 7.36 |
| 8/1/2022 | 1.46 | 5.03 | 2.30 | 6.99 |
| 9/1/2022 | 1.47 | 5.45 | 2.18 | 7.04 |
| 10/1/2022 | 1.38 | 5.06 | 2.51 | 6.90 |
| 11/1/2022 | 1.51 | 4.81 | 2.81 | 6.88 |
| 12/1/2022 | 1.07 | 4.95 | 2.65 | 6.84 |
| 1/1/2023 | 1.06 | 3.33 | 2.79 | 4.88 |
| 2/1/2023 | 1.00 | 3.03 | 1.90 | 4.71 |
| 3/1/2023 | 0.96 | 4.65 | 2.13 | 6.12 |
| 4/1/2023 | 1.05 | 4.72 | 2.22 | 4.90 |
| 5/1/2023 | 1.14 | 4.25 | 2.21 | 5.90 |
| 6/1/2023 | 1.30 | 4.81 | 2.09 | 6.08 |
| 7/1/2023 | 0.97 | 4.92 | 3.53 | 6.25 |
| 8/1/2023 | 1.12 | 4.81 | 2.93 | 6.72 |
| 9/1/2023 | 1.05 | 5.67 | 2.70 | 6.59 |
| 10/1/2023 | 1.25 | 6.58 | 2.49 | 7.86 |
| 11/1/2023 | 1.23 | 5.34 | 2.72 | 7.55 |
| 12/1/2023 | 1.14 | 5.51 | 2.96 | 6.31 |
| 1/1/2024 | 1.05 | 4.35 | 2.74 | 7.06 |
| 2/1/2024 | 1.36 | 4.05 | 2.36 | 6.26 |
| 3/1/2024 | 1.05 | 6.05 | 2.90 | 8.39 |
| 4/1/2024 | 1.46 | 6.61 | 3.27 | 9.30 |
| 5/1/2024 | 1.41 | 7.17 | 3.16 | 10.05 |
| 6/1/2024 | 1.78 | 8.82 | 3.04 | 10.99 |
| 7/1/2024 | 1.94 | 10.29 | 4.27 | 13.18 |
| 8/1/2024 | 1.89 | 9.60 | 3.20 | 13.04 |
| 9/1/2024 | 1.69 | 11.08 | 3.08 | 13.14 |
| 10/1/2024 | 1.80 | 11.19 | 2.97 | 12.10 |
| 11/1/2024 | 1.95 | 9.52 | 3.05 | 11.27 |
| 12/1/2024 | 1.80 | 9.39 | 2.70 | 12.84 |
| 1/1/2025 | 2.20 | 8.46 | 3.50 | 13.20 |
| 2/1/2025 | 1.88 | 8.81 | 2.73 | 13.57 |
| 3/1/2025 | 2.16 | 18.73 | 3.44 | 18.09 |
| 4/1/2025 | 2.48 | 12.06 | 4.26 | 18.18 |
| 5/1/2025 | 4.44 | 13.19 | 3.57 | 21.32 |
| 6/1/2025 | 4.12 | 9.61 | 4.31 | 21.24 |
| 7/1/2025 | 3.49 | 9.43 | 4.54 | 24.29 |
Notes: Exports related to artificial intelligence (AI) are measured as the sum of Harmonized System (HS) codes 8471.50, 8471.80, and 8473.30, which include, among other products, servers, graphical processing units, and related parts associated with AI hardware. These data may underestimate AI-related trade flows because they may omit some AI-related products included in other HS categories. Because these HS codes capture non-AI products as well, however, they may also overestimate the trade flows of AI-specific products. Data are monthly and extend through July 2025.
Source: United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs / Statistics Division. United Nations Commodity Trade Statistics Database, http://comtrade.un.org/db/; General Administration of Customs of the People’s Republic of China; Haver Analytics; FRB staff calculations.
Figure 3. World Merchandise Trade (Index)
| date | World total imports | World AI imports |
|---|---|---|
| 2/16/2018 | 100.00 | 100.00 |
| 5/16/2018 | 102.75 | 104.56 |
| 8/16/2018 | 103.16 | 110.02 |
| 11/16/2018 | 104.06 | 114.06 |
| 2/16/2019 | 97.70 | 97.31 |
| 5/16/2019 | 100.34 | 99.89 |
| 8/16/2019 | 100.41 | 98.78 |
| 11/16/2019 | 101.38 | 106.90 |
| 2/16/2020 | 92.85 | 91.78 |
| 5/16/2020 | 79.45 | 102.08 |
| 8/16/2020 | 94.31 | 108.49 |
| 11/16/2020 | 103.39 | 111.56 |
| 2/16/2021 | 105.85 | 104.59 |
| 5/16/2021 | 115.06 | 115.40 |
| 8/16/2021 | 117.88 | 126.56 |
| 11/16/2021 | 128.36 | 137.21 |
| 2/16/2022 | 129.26 | 125.34 |
| 5/16/2022 | 135.59 | 132.54 |
| 8/16/2022 | 135.34 | 130.40 |
| 11/16/2022 | 131.13 | 127.34 |
| 2/16/2023 | 126.31 | 102.92 |
| 5/16/2023 | 125.49 | 107.91 |
| 8/16/2023 | 123.77 | 119.50 |
| 11/16/2023 | 127.27 | 132.01 |
| 2/16/2024 | 123.34 | 132.47 |
| 5/16/2024 | 127.20 | 173.85 |
| 8/16/2024 | 130.38 | 214.36 |
| 11/16/2024 | 133.13 | 208.32 |
| 2/16/2025 | 130.94 | 236.04 |
| 5/16/2025 | 135.76 | 268.85 |
Note: Imports related to artificial intelligence (AI) are measured as the sum of Harmonized System (HS) codes 8471.50, 8471.80, and 8473.30, which include, among other products, servers, graphical processing units, and related parts associated with AI hardware. Quarterly data extend through 2025:Q2.
Source: United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs / Statistics Division. United Nations Commodity Trade Statistics Database, http://comtrade.un.org/db/; General Administration of Customs of the People’s Republic of China; Haver Analytics; FRB staff calculations.
Figure 4. AI-Related Exports of Selected Export-Oriented Economies
Left Panel 4A. AI-Related Exports to the U.S.
| date | China and Hong Kong | Mexico | Vietnam | Taiwan |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2/16/2022 | 0.04 | 2.10 | 1.22 | 2.00 |
| 5/15/2022 | 0.06 | 2.38 | 1.33 | 2.24 |
| 8/15/2022 | 0.05 | 2.71 | 0.95 | 2.46 |
| 11/16/2022 | 0.04 | 2.38 | 0.82 | 2.51 |
| 2/16/2023 | 0.04 | 1.66 | 0.50 | 2.46 |
| 5/15/2023 | 0.04 | 1.48 | 0.54 | 2.58 |
| 8/15/2023 | 0.05 | 1.23 | 0.76 | 4.01 |
| 11/16/2023 | 0.04 | 1.57 | 0.94 | 3.66 |
| 2/16/2024 | 0.04 | 1.58 | 1.05 | 4.04 |
| 5/15/2024 | 0.04 | 2.26 | 1.34 | 5.88 |
| 8/15/2024 | 0.04 | 3.14 | 1.86 | 8.21 |
| 11/16/2024 | 0.03 | 3.15 | 2.08 | 5.70 |
| 2/16/2025 | 0.04 | 4.17 | 2.78 | 8.26 |
| 5/15/2025 | 0.03 | 4.46 | 2.60 | 13.53 |
Right Panel 4B. AI-Related Exports to the Rest of the World
| date.x | China and Hong Kong | Mexico | Vietnam | Taiwan |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2/16/2022 | 0.48 | 0.29 | 2.61 | 2.62 |
| 5/15/2022 | 0.47 | 0.27 | 2.61 | 2.83 |
| 8/15/2022 | 0.42 | 0.27 | 2.66 | 2.97 |
| 11/16/2022 | 0.39 | 0.29 | 2.03 | 3.53 |
| 2/16/2023 | 0.36 | 0.25 | 1.83 | 2.69 |
| 5/15/2023 | 0.35 | 0.21 | 2.38 | 3.30 |
| 8/15/2023 | 0.36 | 0.20 | 2.65 | 4.66 |
| 11/16/2023 | 0.36 | 0.20 | 3.02 | 4.28 |
| 2/16/2024 | 0.38 | 0.24 | 3.75 | 4.82 |
| 5/15/2024 | 0.39 | 0.24 | 4.87 | 7.26 |
| 8/15/2024 | 0.43 | 0.77 | 5.37 | 10.12 |
| 11/16/2024 | 0.38 | 0.64 | 4.70 | 10.38 |
| 2/16/2025 | 0.37 | 0.90 | 6.50 | 14.04 |
| 5/15/2025 | 0.39 | 0.98 | 6.96 | 9.36 |
Note: Exports related to artificial intelligence (AI) are measured as the sum of Harmonized System (HS) codes 8471.50, 8471.80, and 8473.30, which include, among other products, servers, graphical processing units, and related parts associated with AI hardware. These data may underestimate AI-related trade flows because they may omit some AI-related products included in other HS categories. Because these HS codes capture non-AI products as well, however, they may also overestimate the trade flows of AI-specific products. Data are quarterly and extend through 2025:Q2.
Source: United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs / Statistics Division. United Nations Commodity Trade Statistics Database, http://comtrade.un.org/db/; General Administration of Customs of the People’s Republic of China; Haver Analytics; FRB staff calculations.
Figure 5. Discrepancies in AI-Related Product Reporting
Left Panel 5A. U.S. Imports from Taiwan
| date | 847150 | 847180 | 847330 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1/1/2023 | 0.34 | 0.23 | 0.73 |
| 2/1/2023 | 0.29 | 0.31 | 0.86 |
| 3/1/2023 | 0.30 | 0.40 | 0.95 |
| 4/1/2023 | 0.20 | 0.30 | 0.87 |
| 5/1/2023 | 0.34 | 0.14 | 1.36 |
| 6/1/2023 | 0.36 | 0.12 | 1.07 |
| 7/1/2023 | 0.94 | 0.12 | 1.16 |
| 8/1/2023 | 1.00 | 0.21 | 1.43 |
| 9/1/2023 | 1.11 | 0.17 | 1.42 |
| 10/1/2023 | 1.04 | 0.28 | 1.48 |
| 11/1/2023 | 0.93 | 0.26 | 1.68 |
| 12/1/2023 | 0.73 | 0.18 | 0.69 |
| 1/1/2024 | 0.81 | 0.63 | 1.33 |
| 2/1/2024 | 0.96 | 0.25 | 0.70 |
| 3/1/2024 | 1.33 | 0.37 | 1.45 |
| 4/1/2024 | 1.16 | 0.57 | 1.94 |
| 5/1/2024 | 1.04 | 0.36 | 2.24 |
| 6/1/2024 | 1.48 | 0.60 | 1.97 |
| 7/1/2024 | 1.85 | 0.39 | 4.45 |
| 8/1/2024 | 2.27 | 0.58 | 2.72 |
| 9/1/2024 | 2.20 | 0.24 | 1.69 |
| 10/1/2024 | 0.93 | 1.36 | 2.29 |
| 11/1/2024 | 0.77 | 0.60 | 2.20 |
| 12/1/2024 | 1.13 | 0.70 | 2.00 |
| 1/1/2025 | 0.98 | 0.91 | 3.24 |
| 2/1/2025 | 1.34 | 0.91 | 3.02 |
| 3/1/2025 | 1.58 | 1.53 | 3.17 |
| 4/1/2025 | 2.07 | 2.96 | 3.60 |
| 5/1/2025 | 5.94 | 0.91 | 3.72 |
| 6/1/2025 | 6.72 | 0.58 | 3.31 |
| 7/1/2025 | 8.94 | 1.02 | 2.96 |
Right Panel 5B. Taiwan Exports to the U.S.
| date | 847150 | 847180 | 847330 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1/1/2023 | 0.23 | 0.37 | 0.48 |
| 2/1/2023 | 0.26 | 0.24 | 0.39 |
| 3/1/2023 | 0.29 | 0.53 | 0.44 |
| 4/1/2023 | 0.10 | 0.66 | 0.49 |
| 5/1/2023 | 0.27 | 0.54 | 0.57 |
| 6/1/2023 | 0.28 | 0.31 | 0.49 |
| 7/1/2023 | 1.05 | 0.74 | 0.61 |
| 8/1/2023 | 0.99 | 0.35 | 0.67 |
| 9/1/2023 | 0.99 | 0.74 | 0.49 |
| 10/1/2023 | 1.13 | 1.28 | 0.56 |
| 11/1/2023 | 0.88 | 1.96 | 0.53 |
| 12/1/2023 | 0.87 | 2.38 | 0.55 |
| 1/1/2024 | 0.74 | 2.84 | 0.49 |
| 2/1/2024 | 0.86 | 2.23 | 0.43 |
| 3/1/2024 | 1.35 | 2.80 | 0.48 |
| 4/1/2024 | 1.04 | 4.37 | 0.45 |
| 5/1/2024 | 0.89 | 2.01 | 0.50 |
| 6/1/2024 | 1.49 | 1.93 | 0.57 |
| 7/1/2024 | 1.72 | 4.41 | 0.60 |
| 8/1/2024 | 2.29 | 3.24 | 0.71 |
| 9/1/2024 | 2.00 | 1.11 | 0.61 |
| 10/1/2024 | 0.83 | 2.30 | 0.57 |
| 11/1/2024 | 0.73 | 2.34 | 0.66 |
| 12/1/2024 | 1.97 | 2.23 | 0.69 |
| 1/1/2025 | 0.59 | 2.58 | 0.54 |
| 2/1/2025 | 1.70 | 5.01 | 0.61 |
| 3/1/2025 | 1.57 | 5.26 | 0.64 |
| 4/1/2025 | 1.81 | 5.35 | 0.85 |
| 5/1/2025 | 4.64 | 4.13 | 1.21 |
| 6/1/2025 | 4.95 | 5.76 | 1.00 |
| 7/1/2025 | 3.86 | 4.63 | 4.79 |
Note: Imports and exports related to artificial intelligence (AI) are measured as the sum of Harmonized System (HS) codes 8471.50, 8471.80, and 8473.30, which include, among other products, servers, graphical processing units, and related parts associated with AI hardware. These data may underestimate AI-related trade flows because they may omit some AI-related products included in other HS categories. Because these HS codes capture non-AI products as well, however, they may also overestimate the trade flows of AI-specific products. Data are monthly and extend through July 2025.
Source: United States Census Bureau, Taiwan National Statistics.