The Fed - The April 2026 Senior Loan Officer Opinion Survey on Bank Lending Practices

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Senior Loan Officer Opinion Survey on Bank Lending Practices at Selected Large Banks in the United States ¹

(Status of Policy as of April 2026)

Questions 1-6 ask about commercial and industrial (C&I) loans at your bank. Questions 1-3 deal with changes in your bank's lending policies over the past three months. Questions 4-5 deal with changes in demand for C&I loans over the past three months. Question 6 asks about changes in prospective demand for C&I loans at your bank, as indicated by the volume of recent inquiries about the availability of new credit lines or increases in existing lines. If your bank's lending policies have not changed over the past three months, please report them as unchanged even if the policies are either restrictive or accommodative relative to longer-term norms. If your bank's policies have tightened or eased over the past three months, please so report them regardless of how they stand relative to longer-term norms. Also, please report changes in enforcement of existing policies as changes in policies.

1. Over the past three months, how have your bank's credit standards for approving applications for C&I loans or credit lines - other than those to be used to finance mergers and acquisitions - to large and middle-market firms and to small firms changed? (If your bank defines firm size differently from the categories suggested below, please use your definitions and indicate what they are.)

A. Standards for large and middle-market firms (annual sales of $50 million or more):

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	7	11.3	2	10.0	5	11.9
Remained basically unchanged	53	85.5	18	90.0	35	83.3
Eased somewhat	2	3.2	0	0.0	2	4.8
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	62	100	20	100	42	100

For this question, 1 respondent answered "My bank does not originate C&I loans or credit lines to large and middle-market firms."

B. Standards for small firms (annual sales of less than $50 million):

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	5	8.2	0	0.0	5	11.9
Remained basically unchanged	55	90.2	19	100.0	36	85.7
Eased somewhat	1	1.6	0	0.0	1	2.4
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	61	100	19	100	42	100

For this question, 2 respondents answered "My bank does not originate C&I loans or credit lines to small firms."

2. For applications for C&I loans or credit lines-other than those to be used to finance mergers and acquisitions-from large and middle-market firms and from small firms that your bank currently is willing to approve, how have the terms of those loans changed over the past three months?

A. Terms for large and middle-market firms (annual sales of $50 million or more):

a. Maximum size of credit lines

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	5	8.1	0	0.0	5	11.9
Remained basically unchanged	51	82.3	17	85.0	34	81.0
Eased somewhat	6	9.7	3	15.0	3	7.1
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	62	100	20	100	42	100

b. Maximum maturity of loans or credit lines

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	1	1.6	0	0.0	1	2.4
Remained basically unchanged	58	93.5	20	100.0	38	90.5
Eased somewhat	3	4.8	0	0.0	3	7.1
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	62	100	20	100	42	100

c. Costs of credit lines

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	2	3.2	0	0.0	2	4.8
Remained basically unchanged	52	83.9	19	95.0	33	78.6
Eased somewhat	8	12.9	1	5.0	7	16.7
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	62	100	20	100	42	100

d. Spreads of loan rates over your bank's cost of funds (wider spreads=tightened,narrower spreads=eased)

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	8	12.9	2	10.0	6	14.3
Remained basically unchanged	38	61.3	15	75.0	23	54.8
Eased somewhat	16	25.8	3	15.0	13	31.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	62	100	20	100	42	100

e. Premiums charged on riskier loans

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	9	14.8	3	15.0	6	14.6
Remained basically unchanged	50	82.0	16	80.0	34	82.9
Eased somewhat	2	3.3	1	5.0	1	2.4
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	61	100	20	100	41	100

f. Loan covenants

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	8	12.9	1	5.0	7	16.7
Remained basically unchanged	51	82.3	18	90.0	33	78.6
Eased somewhat	3	4.8	1	5.0	2	4.8
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	62	100	20	100	42	100

g. Collateralization requirements

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	5	8.1	1	5.0	4	9.5
Remained basically unchanged	56	90.3	19	95.0	37	88.1
Eased somewhat	1	1.6	0	0.0	1	2.4
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	62	100	20	100	42	100

h. Use of interest rate floors (more use=tightened, less use=eased)

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	4	6.6	0	0.0	4	9.5
Remained basically unchanged	57	93.4	19	100.0	38	90.5
Eased somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	61	100	19	100	42	100

B. Terms for small firms (annual sales of less than $50 million):

a. Maximum size of credit lines

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	5	8.2	0	0.0	5	11.9
Remained basically unchanged	51	83.6	16	84.2	35	83.3
Eased somewhat	5	8.2	3	15.8	2	4.8
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	61	100	19	100	42	100

b. Maximum maturity of loans or credit lines

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	1	1.6	0	0.0	1	2.4
Remained basically unchanged	59	96.7	19	100.0	40	95.2
Eased somewhat	1	1.6	0	0.0	1	2.4
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	61	100	19	100	42	100

c. Costs of credit lines

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Remained basically unchanged	58	95.1	18	94.7	40	95.2
Eased somewhat	3	4.9	1	5.3	2	4.8
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	61	100	19	100	42	100

d. Spreads of loan rates over your bank's cost of funds (wider spreads=tightened,narrower spreads=eased)

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	4	6.6	1	5.3	3	7.1
Remained basically unchanged	48	78.7	17	89.5	31	73.8
Eased somewhat	9	14.8	1	5.3	8	19.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	61	100	19	100	42	100

e. Premiums charged on riskier loans

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	5	8.3	1	5.3	4	9.8
Remained basically unchanged	55	91.7	18	94.7	37	90.2
Eased somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	60	100	19	100	41	100

f. Loan covenants

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	6	9.8	0	0.0	6	14.3
Remained basically unchanged	53	86.9	18	94.7	35	83.3
Eased somewhat	2	3.3	1	5.3	1	2.4
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	61	100	19	100	42	100

g. Collateralization requirements

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	4	6.6	0	0.0	4	9.5
Remained basically unchanged	57	93.4	19	100.0	38	90.5
Eased somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	61	100	19	100	42	100

h. Use of interest rate floors (more use=tightened, less use=eased)

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	3	5.0	0	0.0	3	7.1
Remained basically unchanged	57	95.0	18	100.0	39	92.9
Eased somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	60	100	18	100	42	100

3. If your bank has tightened or eased its credit standards or its terms for C&I loans or credit lines over the past three months (as described in questions 1 and 2), how important have the following possible reasons been for the change? (Please respond to either A, B, or both as appropriate.)

A. Possible reasons for tightening credit standards or loan terms:

a. Deterioration in your bank's current or expected capital position

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not Important	17	81.0	5	100.0	12	75.0
Somewhat Important	4	19.0	0	0.0	4	25.0
Very Important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	21	100	5	100	16	100

b. Less favorable or more uncertain economic outlook

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not Important	2	9.5	0	0.0	2	12.5
Somewhat Important	11	52.4	4	80.0	7	43.8
Very Important	8	38.1	1	20.0	7	43.8
Total	21	100	5	100	16	100

c. Worsening of industry-specific problems (please specify industries)

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not Important	9	45.0	2	40.0	7	46.7
Somewhat Important	6	30.0	3	60.0	3	20.0
Very Important	5	25.0	0	0.0	5	33.3
Total	20	100	5	100	15	100

d. Less aggressive competition from other banks or nonbank lenders (other financial intermediaries or the capital markets)

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not Important	16	76.2	4	80.0	12	75.0
Somewhat Important	4	19.0	1	20.0	3	18.8
Very Important	1	4.8	0	0.0	1	6.2
Total	21	100	5	100	16	100

e. Reduced tolerance for risk

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not Important	10	47.6	4	80.0	6	37.5
Somewhat Important	10	47.6	1	20.0	9	56.2
Very Important	1	4.8	0	0.0	1	6.2
Total	21	100	5	100	16	100

f. Decreased liquidity in the secondary market for these loans

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not Important	14	66.7	4	80.0	10	62.5
Somewhat Important	4	19.0	1	20.0	3	18.8
Very Important	3	14.3	0	0.0	3	18.8
Total	21	100	5	100	16	100

g. Deterioration in your bank's current or expected liquidity position

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not Important	17	81.0	5	100.0	12	75.0
Somewhat Important	3	14.3	0	0.0	3	18.8
Very Important	1	4.8	0	0.0	1	6.2
Total	21	100	5	100	16	100

h. Increased concerns about the effects of legislative changes, supervisory actions, or changes in accounting standards

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not Important	11	52.4	4	80.0	7	43.8
Somewhat Important	5	23.8	1	20.0	4	25.0
Very Important	5	23.8	0	0.0	5	31.2
Total	21	100	5	100	16	100

B. Possible reasons for easing credit standards or loan terms:

a. Improvement in your bank's current or expected capital position

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not Important	13	81.2	2	66.7	11	84.6
Somewhat Important	3	18.8	1	33.3	2	15.4
Very Important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	16	100	3	100	13	100

b. More favorable or less uncertain economic outlook

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not Important	11	68.8	2	66.7	9	69.2
Somewhat Important	3	18.8	1	33.3	2	15.4
Very Important	2	12.5	0	0.0	2	15.4
Total	16	100	3	100	13	100

c. Improvement in industry-specific problems (please specify industries)

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not Important	14	93.3	3	100.0	11	91.7
Somewhat Important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Very Important	1	6.7	0	0.0	1	8.3
Total	15	100	3	100	12	100

d. More aggressive competition from other banks or nonbank lenders (other financial intermediaries or the capital markets)

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not Important	3	18.8	0	0.0	3	23.1
Somewhat Important	6	37.5	1	33.3	5	38.5
Very Important	7	43.8	2	66.7	5	38.5
Total	16	100	3	100	13	100

e. Increased tolerance for risk

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not Important	12	75.0	3	100.0	9	69.2
Somewhat Important	4	25.0	0	0.0	4	30.8
Very Important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	16	100	3	100	13	100

f. Increased liquidity in the secondary market for these loans

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not Important	11	68.8	3	100.0	8	61.5
Somewhat Important	3	18.8	0	0.0	3	23.1
Very Important	2	12.5	0	0.0	2	15.4
Total	16	100	3	100	13	100

g. Improvement in your bank's current or expected liquidity position

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not Important	14	87.5	3	100.0	11	84.6
Somewhat Important	2	12.5	0	0.0	2	15.4
Very Important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	16	100	3	100	13	100

h. Reduced concerns about the effects of legislative changes, supervisory actions, or changes in accounting standards

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not Important	14	87.5	3	100.0	11	84.6
Somewhat Important	2	12.5	0	0.0	2	15.4
Very Important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	16	100	3	100	13	100

4. Apart from normal seasonal variation, how has demand for C&I loans changed over the past three months? (Please consider only funds actually disbursed as opposed to requests for new or increased lines of credit.)

A. Demand for C&I loans from large and middle-market firms (annual sales of $50 million or more):

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Substantially stronger	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Moderately stronger	11	17.7	2	10.0	9	21.4
About the same	43	69.4	16	80.0	27	64.3
Moderately weaker	8	12.9	2	10.0	6	14.3
Substantially weaker	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	62	100	20	100	42	100

B. Demand for C&I loans from small firms (annual sales of less than $50 million):

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Substantially stronger	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Moderately stronger	7	11.5	0	0.0	7	16.7
About the same	47	77.0	17	89.5	30	71.4
Moderately weaker	7	11.5	2	10.5	5	11.9
Substantially weaker	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	61	100	19	100	42	100

5. If demand for C&I loans has strengthened or weakened over the past three months (as described in question 4), how important have the following possible reasons been for the change? (Please respond to either A, B, or both as appropriate.)

A. If stronger loan demand (answer 1 or 2 to question 4A or 4B), possible reasons:

a. Customer inventory financing needs increased

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not Important	3	23.1	0	0.0	3	27.3
Somewhat Important	8	61.5	2	100.0	6	54.5
Very Important	2	15.4	0	0.0	2	18.2
Total	13	100	2	100	11	100

b. Customer accounts receivable financing needs increased

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not Important	6	46.2	0	0.0	6	54.5
Somewhat Important	5	38.5	2	100.0	3	27.3
Very Important	2	15.4	0	0.0	2	18.2
Total	13	100	2	100	11	100

c. Customer investment in plant or equipment increased

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not Important	6	46.2	1	50.0	5	45.5
Somewhat Important	7	53.8	1	50.0	6	54.5
Very Important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	13	100	2	100	11	100

d. Customer internally generated funds decreased

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not Important	9	69.2	2	100.0	7	63.6
Somewhat Important	4	30.8	0	0.0	4	36.4
Very Important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	13	100	2	100	11	100

e. Customer merger or acquisition financing needs increased

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not Important	7	53.8	0	0.0	7	63.6
Somewhat Important	6	46.2	2	100.0	4	36.4
Very Important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	13	100	2	100	11	100

f. Customer borrowing shifted to your bank from other bank or nonbank sources because these other sources became less attractive

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not Important	12	92.3	2	100.0	10	90.9
Somewhat Important	1	7.7	0	0.0	1	9.1
Very Important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	13	100	2	100	11	100

g. Customer precautionary demand for cash and liquidity increased

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not Important	8	61.5	1	50.0	7	63.6
Somewhat Important	4	30.8	1	50.0	3	27.3
Very Important	1	7.7	0	0.0	1	9.1
Total	13	100	2	100	11	100

B. If weaker loan demand (answer 4 or 5 to question 4A or 4B), possible reasons:

a. Customer inventory financing needs decreased

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not Important	5	50.0	2	66.7	3	42.9
Somewhat Important	5	50.0	1	33.3	4	57.1
Very Important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	10	100	3	100	7	100

b. Customer accounts receivable financing needs decreased

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not Important	5	50.0	2	66.7	3	42.9
Somewhat Important	5	50.0	1	33.3	4	57.1
Very Important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	10	100	3	100	7	100

c. Customer investment in plant or equipment decreased

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not Important	2	20.0	1	33.3	1	14.3
Somewhat Important	8	80.0	2	66.7	6	85.7
Very Important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	10	100	3	100	7	100

d. Customer internally generated funds increased

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not Important	9	90.0	3	100.0	6	85.7
Somewhat Important	1	10.0	0	0.0	1	14.3
Very Important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	10	100	3	100	7	100

e. Customer merger or acquisition financing needs decreased

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not Important	3	30.0	1	33.3	2	28.6
Somewhat Important	6	60.0	1	33.3	5	71.4
Very Important	1	10.0	1	33.3	0	0.0
Total	10	100	3	100	7	100

f. Customer borrowing shifted from your bank to other bank or nonbank sources because these other sources became more attractive

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not Important	5	55.6	2	66.7	3	50.0
Somewhat Important	4	44.4	1	33.3	3	50.0
Very Important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	9	100	3	100	6	100

g. Customer precautionary demand for cash and liquidity decreased

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not Important	7	70.0	3	100.0	4	57.1
Somewhat Important	3	30.0	0	0.0	3	42.9
Very Important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	10	100	3	100	7	100

6. At your bank, apart from seasonal variation, how has the number of inquiries from potential business borrowers regarding the availability and terms of new credit lines or increases in existing lines changed over the past three months? (Please consider only inquiries for additional or increased C&I lines as opposed to the refinancing of existing loans.)

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
The number of inquiries has increased substantially	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
The number of inquiries has increased moderately	13	21.0	3	15.0	10	23.8
The number of inquiries has stayed about the same	40	64.5	14	70.0	26	61.9
The number of inquiries has decreased moderately	9	14.5	3	15.0	6	14.3
The number of inquiries has decreased substantially	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	62	100	20	100	42	100

For this question, 1 respondent answered "My bank does not originate C&I lines of credit."

Questions 7-12 ask about changes in standards and demand over the past three months for three different types of commercial real estate (CRE) loans at your bank: construction and land development loans, loans secured by nonfarm nonresidential properties, and loans secured by multifamily residential properties. Please report changes in enforcement of existing policies as changes in policies.

7. Over the past three months, how have your bank's credit standards for approving new applications for construction and land development loans or credit lines changed?

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	8	13.1	0	0.0	8	19.0
Remained basically unchanged	48	78.7	17	89.5	31	73.8
Eased somewhat	5	8.2	2	10.5	3	7.1
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	61	100	19	100	42	100

For this question, 2 respondents answered "My bank does not originate construction and land development loans or credit lines."

8. Over the past three months, how have your bank's credit standards for approving new applications for loans secured by nonfarm nonresidential properties changed?

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	5	8.2	0	0.0	5	11.9
Remained basically unchanged	49	80.3	17	89.5	32	76.2
Eased somewhat	7	11.5	2	10.5	5	11.9
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	61	100	19	100	42	100

For this question, 2 respondents answered "My bank does not originate loans secured by nonfarm nonresidential properties."

9. Over the past three months, how have your bank's credit standards for approving new applications for loans secured by multifamily residential properties changed?

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	8	13.3	1	5.3	7	17.1
Remained basically unchanged	44	73.3	14	73.7	30	73.2
Eased somewhat	8	13.3	4	21.1	4	9.8
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	60	100	19	100	41	100

For this question, 3 respondents answered "My bank does not originate loans secured by multifamily residential properties."

10. Apart from normal seasonal variation, how has demand for construction and land development loans changed over the past three months? (Please consider the number of requests for new spot loans, for disbursement of funds under existing loan commitments, and for new or increased credit lines.)

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Substantially stronger	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Moderately stronger	6	10.0	2	10.5	4	9.8
About the same	41	68.3	13	68.4	28	68.3
Moderately weaker	12	20.0	3	15.8	9	22.0
Substantially weaker	1	1.7	1	5.3	0	0.0
Total	60	100	19	100	41	100

11. Apart from normal seasonal variation, how has demand for loans secured by nonfarm nonresidential properties changed over the past three months? (Please consider the number of requests for new spot loans, for disbursement of funds under existing loan commitments, and for new or increased credit lines.)

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Substantially stronger	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Moderately stronger	10	16.4	6	31.6	4	9.5
About the same	43	70.5	11	57.9	32	76.2
Moderately weaker	8	13.1	2	10.5	6	14.3
Substantially weaker	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	61	100	19	100	42	100

12. Apart from normal seasonal variation, how has demand for loans secured by multifamily residential properties changed over the past three months? (Please consider the number of requests for new spot loans, for disbursement of funds under existing loan commitments, and for new or increased credit lines.)

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Substantially stronger	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Moderately stronger	10	16.7	6	31.6	4	9.8
About the same	42	70.0	12	63.2	30	73.2
Moderately weaker	8	13.3	1	5.3	7	17.1
Substantially weaker	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	60	100	19	100	41	100

Note: Beginning with the January 2015 survey, the loan categories referred to in the questions regarding changes in credit standards and demand for residential mortgage loans have been revised to reflect the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau's qualified mortgage rules.

Questions 13-14 ask about seven categories of residential mortgage loans at your bank: Government-Sponsored Enterprise eligible (GSE-eligible) residential mortgages, government residential mortgages, Qualified Mortgage non-jumbo non-GSE-eligible (QM non-jumbo, non-GSE-eligible) residential mortgages, QM jumbo residential mortgages, non-QM jumbo residential mortgages, non-QM non-jumbo residential mortgages, and subprime residential mortgages. For the purposes of this survey, please use the following definitions of these loan categories and include first-lien closed-end loans to purchase homes only. The loan categories have been defined so that every first-lien closed-end residential mortgage loan used for home purchase fits into one of the following seven categories:

The GSE-eligible category of residential mortgages includes loans that meet the underwriting guidelines, including loan limit amounts, of the GSEs - Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac.
The government category of residential mortgages includes loans that are insured by the Federal Housing Administration, guaranteed by the Department of Veterans Affairs, or originated under government programs, including the U.S. Department of Agriculture home loan programs.
The QM non-jumbo, non-GSE-eligible category of residential mortgages includes loans that satisfy the standards for a qualified mortgage and have loan balances that are below the loan limit amounts set by the GSEs but otherwise do not meet the GSE underwriting guidelines.
The QM jumbo category of residential mortgages includes loans that satisfy the standards for a qualified mortgage but have loan balances that are above the loan limit amount set by the GSEs.
The non-QM jumbo category of residential mortgages includes loans that do not satisfy the standards for a qualified mortgage and have loan balances that are above the loan limit amount set by the GSEs.
The non-QM non-jumbo category of residential mortgages includes loans that do not satisfy the standards for a qualified mortgage and have loan balances that are below the loan limit amount set by the GSEs.(Please exclude loans classified by your bank as subprime in this category.)
The subprime category of residential mortgages includes loans classified by your bank as subprime. This category typically includes loans made to borrowers with weakened credit histories that include payment delinquencies, charge-offs, judgements, and/or bankruptcies; reduced repayment capacity as measured by credit scores or debt-to-income ratios; or incomplete credit histories.

Question 13 deals with changes in your bank's credit standards for loans in each of the seven loan categories over the past three months. If your bank's credit standards have not changed over the relevant period, please report them as unchanged even if the standards are either restrictive or accommodative relative to longer-term norms. If your bank's credit standards have tightened or eased over the relevant period, please so report them regardless of how they stand relative to longer-term norms. Also, please report changes in enforcement of existing standards as changes in standards.

Question 14 deals with changes in demand for loans in each of the seven loan categories over the past three months.

13. Over the past three months, how have your bank's credit standards for approving applications from individuals for mortgage loans to purchase homes changed? (Please consider only new originations as opposed to the refinancing of existing mortgages.)

A. Credit standards on mortgage loans that your bank categorizes as GSE-eligible residential mortgages have:

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Remained basically unchanged	52	96.3	16	94.1	36	97.3
Eased somewhat	2	3.7	1	5.9	1	2.7
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	54	100	17	100	37	100

For this question, 9 respondents answered "My bank does not originate GSE-eligible residential mortgages."

B. Credit standards on mortgage loans that your bank categorizes as government residential mortgages have:

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Remained basically unchanged	51	98.1	14	93.3	37	100.0
Eased somewhat	1	1.9	1	6.7	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	52	100	15	100	37	100

For this question, 11 respondents answered "My bank does not originate government residential mortgages."

C. Credit standards on mortgage loans that your bank categorizes as QM non-jumbo, non-GSE-eligible residential mortgages have:

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	1	1.9	1	5.9	0	0.0
Remained basically unchanged	51	94.4	14	82.4	37	100.0
Eased somewhat	2	3.7	2	11.8	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	54	100	17	100	37	100

For this question, 9 respondents answered "My bank does not originate QM non-jumbo, non-GSE-eligible residential mortgages."

D. Credit standards on mortgage loans that your bank categorizes as QM jumbo residential mortgages have:

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	5	9.1	1	5.9	4	10.5
Remained basically unchanged	45	81.8	13	76.5	32	84.2
Eased somewhat	5	9.1	3	17.6	2	5.3
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	55	100	17	100	38	100

For this question, 8 respondents answered "My bank does not originate QM jumbo residential mortgages."

E. Credit standards on mortgage loans that your bank categorizes as non-QM jumbo residential mortgages have:

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	3	6.0	0	0.0	3	8.8
Remained basically unchanged	44	88.0	15	93.8	29	85.3
Eased somewhat	3	6.0	1	6.2	2	5.9
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	50	100	16	100	34	100

For this question, 13 respondents answered "My bank does not originate non-QM jumbo residential mortgages."

F. Credit standards on mortgage loans that your bank categorizes as non-QM non-jumbo residential mortgages have:

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	1	2.0	0	0.0	1	2.9
Remained basically unchanged	49	98.0	15	100.0	34	97.1
Eased somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	50	100	15	100	35	100

For this question, 13 respondents answered "My bank does not originate non-QM non-jumbo residential mortgages."

G. Credit standards on mortgage loans that your bank categorizes as subprime residential mortgages have:

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	1	6.2	0	0.0	1	7.1
Remained basically unchanged	15	93.8	2	100.0	13	92.9
Eased somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	16	100	2	100	14	100

For this question, 47 respondents answered "My bank does not originate subprime residential mortgages."

14. Apart from normal seasonal variation, how has demand for mortgages to purchase homes changed over the past three months? (Please consider only applications for new originations as opposed to applications for refinancing of existing mortgages.)

A. Demand for mortgages that your bank categorizes as GSE-eligible residential mortgages was:

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Substantially stronger	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Moderately stronger	8	14.8	1	5.9	7	18.9
About the same	40	74.1	13	76.5	27	73.0
Moderately weaker	5	9.3	2	11.8	3	8.1
Substantially weaker	1	1.9	1	5.9	0	0.0
Total	54	100	17	100	37	100

B. Demand for mortgages that your bank categorizes as government residential mortgages was:

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Substantially stronger	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Moderately stronger	4	7.7	0	0.0	4	10.8
About the same	42	80.8	11	73.3	31	83.8
Moderately weaker	4	7.7	2	13.3	2	5.4
Substantially weaker	2	3.8	2	13.3	0	0.0
Total	52	100	15	100	37	100

C. Demand for mortgages that your bank categorizes as QM non-jumbo, non-GSE-eligible residential mortgages was:

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Substantially stronger	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Moderately stronger	5	9.3	0	0.0	5	13.5
About the same	41	75.9	13	76.5	28	75.7
Moderately weaker	7	13.0	3	17.6	4	10.8
Substantially weaker	1	1.9	1	5.9	0	0.0
Total	54	100	17	100	37	100

D. Demand for mortgages that your bank categorizes as QM jumbo residential mortgages was:

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Substantially stronger	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Moderately stronger	9	16.7	2	11.8	7	18.9
About the same	38	70.4	11	64.7	27	73.0
Moderately weaker	7	13.0	4	23.5	3	8.1
Substantially weaker	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	54	100	17	100	37	100

E. Demand for mortgages that your bank categorizes as non-QM jumbo residential mortgages was:

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Substantially stronger	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Moderately stronger	6	12.0	1	6.2	5	14.7
About the same	38	76.0	12	75.0	26	76.5
Moderately weaker	6	12.0	3	18.8	3	8.8
Substantially weaker	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	50	100	16	100	34	100

F. Demand for mortgages that your bank categorizes as non-QM non-jumbo residential mortgages was:

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Substantially stronger	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Moderately stronger	4	8.2	0	0.0	4	11.8
About the same	38	77.6	12	80.0	26	76.5
Moderately weaker	6	12.2	2	13.3	4	11.8
Substantially weaker	1	2.0	1	6.7	0	0.0
Total	49	100	15	100	34	100

G. Demand for mortgages that your bank categorizes as subprime residential mortgages was:

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Substantially stronger	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Moderately stronger	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
About the same	13	86.7	1	100.0	12	85.7
Moderately weaker	2	13.3	0	0.0	2	14.3
Substantially weaker	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	15	100	1	100	14	100

Questions 15-16 ask about revolving home equity lines of credit at your bank. Question 15 deals with changes in your bank's credit standards over the past three months. Question 16 deals with changes in demand. If your bank's credit standards have not changed over the relevant period, please report them as unchanged even if they are either restrictive or accommodative relative to longer-term norms. If your bank's credit standards have tightened or eased over the relevant period, please so report them regardless of how they stand relative to longer-term norms. Also, please report changes in enforcement of existing standards as changes in standards.

15. Over the past three months, how have your bank's credit standards for approving applications for revolving home equity lines of credit changed?

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	3	5.3	0	0.0	3	7.3
Remained basically unchanged	52	91.2	15	93.8	37	90.2
Eased somewhat	2	3.5	1	6.2	1	2.4
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	57	100	16	100	41	100

For this question, 6 respondents answered "My bank does not originate revolving home equity lines of credit."

16. Apart from normal seasonal variation, how has demand for revolving home equity lines of credit changed over the past three months? (Please consider only funds actually disbursed as opposed to requests for new or increased lines of credit.)

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Substantially stronger	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Moderately stronger	8	14.0	1	6.2	7	17.1
About the same	46	80.7	14	87.5	32	78.0
Moderately weaker	3	5.3	1	6.2	2	4.9
Substantially weaker	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	57	100	16	100	41	100

Questions 17-26 ask about consumer lending at your bank. Question 17 deals with changes in your bank's willingness to make consumer installment loans over the past three months. Questions 18-23 deal with changes in credit standards and loan terms over the same period. Questions 24-26 deal with changes in demand for consumer loans over the past three months. If your bank's lending policies have not changed over the past three months, please report them as unchanged even if the policies are either restrictive or accommodative relative to longer-term norms. If your bank's policies have tightened or eased over the past three months, please so report them regardless of how they stand relative to longer-term norms. Also, please report changes in enforcement of existing policies as changes in policies.

17. Please indicate your bank's willingness to make consumer installment loans now as opposed to three months ago. (This question covers the range of consumer installment loans defined as consumer loans with a set number of scheduled payments, such as auto loans, student loans, and personal loans. It does not cover credit cards and other types of revolving credit, nor mortgages, which are included under the residential real estate questions.)

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Much more willing	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Somewhat more willing	6	10.3	4	21.1	2	5.1
About unchanged	48	82.8	13	68.4	35	89.7
Somewhat less willing	4	6.9	2	10.5	2	5.1
Much less willing	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	58	100	19	100	39	100

For this question, 6 respondents answered "My bank does not originate consumer installment loans."

18. Over the past three months, how have your bank's credit standards for approving applications for credit cards from individuals or households changed?

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	1	2.0	1	5.3	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	2	3.9	1	5.3	1	3.1
Remained basically unchanged	46	90.2	15	78.9	31	96.9
Eased somewhat	2	3.9	2	10.5	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	51	100	19	100	32	100

For this question, 13 respondents answered "My bank does not originate credit card loans to individuals or households."

19. Over the past three months, how have your bank's credit standards for approving applications for auto loans to individuals or households changed? (Please include loans arising from retail sales of passenger cars and other vehicles such as minivans, vans, sport-utility vehicles, pickup trucks, and similar light trucks for personal use, whether new or used. Please exclude loans to finance fleet sales, personal cash loans secured by automobiles already paid for, loans to finance the purchase of commercial vehicles and farm equipment, and lease financing.)

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	3	5.9	0	0.0	3	8.3
Remained basically unchanged	44	86.3	13	86.7	31	86.1
Eased somewhat	4	7.8	2	13.3	2	5.6
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	51	100	15	100	36	100

For this question, 13 respondents answered "My bank does not originate auto loans to individuals or households."

20. Over the past three months, how have your bank's credit standards for approving applications for consumer loans other than credit card and auto loans changed?

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	5	9.1	1	6.2	4	10.3
Remained basically unchanged	48	87.3	14	87.5	34	87.2
Eased somewhat	2	3.6	1	6.2	1	2.6
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	55	100	16	100	39	100

For this question, 9 respondents answered "My bank does not originate consumer loans other than credit card or auto loans."

21. Over the past three months, how has your bank changed the following terms and conditions on new or existing credit card accounts for individuals or households?

a. Credit limits

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	1	2.0	1	5.3	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Remained basically unchanged	46	92.0	16	84.2	30	96.8
Eased somewhat	3	6.0	2	10.5	1	3.2
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	50	100	19	100	31	100

b. Spreads of interest rates charged on outstanding balances over your bank's cost of funds (wider spreads=tightened, narrower spreads=eased)

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	1	2.0	0	0.0	1	3.2
Tightened somewhat	2	4.0	1	5.3	1	3.2
Remained basically unchanged	45	90.0	18	94.7	27	87.1
Eased somewhat	2	4.0	0	0.0	2	6.5
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	50	100	19	100	31	100

c. Minimum percent of outstanding balances required to be repaid each month

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Remained basically unchanged	50	100.0	19	100.0	31	100.0
Eased somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	50	100	19	100	31	100

d. Minimum required credit score (increased score=tightened, reduced score=eased)

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	1	2.0	1	5.3	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	1	2.0	0	0.0	1	3.3
Remained basically unchanged	45	91.8	16	84.2	29	96.7
Eased somewhat	2	4.1	2	10.5	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	49	100	19	100	30	100

e. The extent to which loans are granted to some customers that do not meet credit scoring thresholds (increased=eased, decreased=tightened)

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	1	2.0	0	0.0	1	3.2
Remained basically unchanged	48	96.0	18	94.7	30	96.8
Eased somewhat	1	2.0	1	5.3	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	50	100	19	100	31	100

22. Over the past three months, how has your bank changed the following terms and conditions on loans to individuals or households to purchase autos?

a. Maximum maturity

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	1	2.0	0	0.0	1	2.8
Remained basically unchanged	46	90.2	12	80.0	34	94.4
Eased somewhat	4	7.8	3	20.0	1	2.8
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	51	100	15	100	36	100

b. Spreads of loan rates over your bank's cost of funds (wider spreads=tightened, narrower spreads=eased)

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	2	3.9	1	6.7	1	2.8
Remained basically unchanged	40	78.4	9	60.0	31	86.1
Eased somewhat	9	17.6	5	33.3	4	11.1
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	51	100	15	100	36	100

c. Minimum required down payment (higher=tightened, lower=eased)

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	2	3.9	0	0.0	2	5.6
Remained basically unchanged	49	96.1	15	100.0	34	94.4
Eased somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	51	100	15	100	36	100

d. Minimum required credit score (increased score=tightened, reduced score=eased)

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	2	3.9	0	0.0	2	5.6
Remained basically unchanged	48	94.1	15	100.0	33	91.7
Eased somewhat	1	2.0	0	0.0	1	2.8
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	51	100	15	100	36	100

e. The extent to which loans are granted to some customers that do not meet credit scoring thresholds (increased=eased, decreased=tightened)

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	1	2.0	0	0.0	1	2.8
Tightened somewhat	2	3.9	0	0.0	2	5.6
Remained basically unchanged	48	94.1	15	100.0	33	91.7
Eased somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	51	100	15	100	36	100

23. Over the past three months, how has your bank changed the following terms and conditions on consumer loans other than credit card and auto loans?

a. Maximum maturity

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	1	1.8	0	0.0	1	2.6
Remained basically unchanged	53	96.4	15	93.8	38	97.4
Eased somewhat	1	1.8	1	6.2	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	55	100	16	100	39	100

b.Spreads of loan rates over your bank's cost of funds (wider spreads=tightened, narrower spreads=eased)

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Remained basically unchanged	53	96.4	15	93.8	38	97.4
Eased somewhat	2	3.6	1	6.2	1	2.6
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	55	100	16	100	39	100

c. Minimum required down payment (higher=tightened, lower=eased)

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	2	3.6	1	6.2	1	2.6
Remained basically unchanged	53	96.4	15	93.8	38	97.4
Eased somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	55	100	16	100	39	100

d. Minimum required credit score (increased score=tightened, reduced score=eased)

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	3	5.5	0	0.0	3	7.7
Remained basically unchanged	52	94.5	16	100.0	36	92.3
Eased somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	55	100	16	100	39	100

e. The extent to which loans are granted to some customers that do not meet credit scoring thresholds (increased=eased, decreased=tightened)

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	1	1.8	0	0.0	1	2.6
Tightened somewhat	3	5.5	1	6.2	2	5.1
Remained basically unchanged	51	92.7	15	93.8	36	92.3
Eased somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	55	100	16	100	39	100

24. Apart from normal seasonal variation, how has demand from individuals or households for credit card loans changed over the past three months?

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Substantially stronger	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Moderately stronger	8	16.0	4	21.1	4	12.9
About the same	31	62.0	10	52.6	21	67.7
Moderately weaker	10	20.0	4	21.1	6	19.4
Substantially weaker	1	2.0	1	5.3	0	0.0
Total	50	100	19	100	31	100

25. Apart from normal seasonal variation, how has demand from individuals or households for auto loans changed over the past three months?

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Substantially stronger	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Moderately stronger	4	7.8	2	13.3	2	5.6
About the same	38	74.5	8	53.3	30	83.3
Moderately weaker	8	15.7	4	26.7	4	11.1
Substantially weaker	1	2.0	1	6.7	0	0.0
Total	51	100	15	100	36	100

26. Apart from normal seasonal variation, how has demand from individuals or households for consumer loans other than credit card and auto loans changed over the past three months?

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Substantially stronger	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Moderately stronger	2	3.6	0	0.0	2	5.1
About the same	44	80.0	11	68.8	33	84.6
Moderately weaker	9	16.4	5	31.2	4	10.3
Substantially weaker	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	55	100	16	100	39	100

Questions 27-30 ask how your bank has changed its lending policies over the past year for three different types of commercial real estate (CRE) loans: construction and land development loans, loans secured by nonfarm nonresidential properties, and loans secured by multifamily residential properties. Question 31 asks about changes in demand for CRE loans over the past year.

27. Over the past year, how has your bank changed the following policies on construction and land development loans?

a. Maximum loan size

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	5	8.2	1	5.0	4	9.8
Remained basically unchanged	42	68.9	14	70.0	28	68.3
Eased somewhat	13	21.3	4	20.0	9	22.0
Eased considerably	1	1.6	1	5.0	0	0.0
Total	61	100	20	100	41	100

b. Maximum loan maturity

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	1	1.6	0	0.0	1	2.4
Remained basically unchanged	57	93.4	19	95.0	38	92.7
Eased somewhat	3	4.9	1	5.0	2	4.9
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	61	100	20	100	41	100

c. Spread of loan rates over your bank's cost of funds (wider spreads=tightened, narrower spreads=eased)

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	7	11.5	1	5.0	6	14.6
Remained basically unchanged	36	59.0	8	40.0	28	68.3
Eased somewhat	17	27.9	10	50.0	7	17.1
Eased considerably	1	1.6	1	5.0	0	0.0
Total	61	100	20	100	41	100

d. Loan-to-value ratios (lower ratios=tightened, higher ratios=eased)

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	6	9.8	1	5.0	5	12.2
Remained basically unchanged	54	88.5	19	95.0	35	85.4
Eased somewhat	1	1.6	0	0.0	1	2.4
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	61	100	20	100	41	100

e. Debt service coverage ratios (higher ratios=tightened, lower ratios=eased)

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	3	4.9	0	0.0	3	7.3
Remained basically unchanged	51	83.6	16	80.0	35	85.4
Eased somewhat	7	11.5	4	20.0	3	7.3
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	61	100	20	100	41	100

f. Market areas served (reduced market areas=tightened, expanded market areas=eased)

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	4	6.6	0	0.0	4	9.8
Remained basically unchanged	53	86.9	19	95.0	34	82.9
Eased somewhat	4	6.6	1	5.0	3	7.3
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	61	100	20	100	41	100

g. Length of interest-only payment period (shorter interest-only periods=tightened, longer interest-only periods=eased)

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	2	3.3	0	0.0	2	4.9
Remained basically unchanged	50	82.0	17	85.0	33	80.5
Eased somewhat	9	14.8	3	15.0	6	14.6
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	61	100	20	100	41	100

For this question, 2 respondents answered "My bank does not originate construction and land development loans"

28. Over the past year, how has your bank changed the following policies on loans secured by all nonfarm-nonresidential properties?

a. Maximum loan size

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	2	3.3	0	0.0	2	4.9
Remained basically unchanged	50	82.0	16	80.0	34	82.9
Eased somewhat	8	13.1	3	15.0	5	12.2
Eased considerably	1	1.6	1	5.0	0	0.0
Total	61	100	20	100	41	100

b. Maximum loan maturity

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	1	1.6	0	0.0	1	2.4
Remained basically unchanged	56	91.8	18	90.0	38	92.7
Eased somewhat	4	6.6	2	10.0	2	4.9
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	61	100	20	100	41	100

c. Spread of loan rates over your bank's cost of funds (wider spreads=tightened, narrower spreads=eased)

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	5	8.2	2	10.0	3	7.3
Remained basically unchanged	37	60.7	6	30.0	31	75.6
Eased somewhat	18	29.5	11	55.0	7	17.1
Eased considerably	1	1.6	1	5.0	0	0.0
Total	61	100	20	100	41	100

d. Loan-to-value ratios (lower ratios=tightened, higher ratios=eased)

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	3	4.9	0	0.0	3	7.3
Remained basically unchanged	56	91.8	19	95.0	37	90.2
Eased somewhat	2	3.3	1	5.0	1	2.4
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	61	100	20	100	41	100

e. Debt service coverage ratios (higher ratios=tightened, lower ratios=eased)

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	4	6.6	1	5.0	3	7.3
Remained basically unchanged	50	82.0	15	75.0	35	85.4
Eased somewhat	6	9.8	3	15.0	3	7.3
Eased considerably	1	1.6	1	5.0	0	0.0
Total	61	100	20	100	41	100

f. Market areas served (reduced market areas=tightened, expanded market areas=eased)

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	3	4.9	0	0.0	3	7.3
Remained basically unchanged	55	90.2	20	100.0	35	85.4
Eased somewhat	3	4.9	0	0.0	3	7.3
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	61	100	20	100	41	100

g. Length of interest-only payment period (shorter interest-only periods=tightened, longer interest-only periods=eased)

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	1	1.6	0	0.0	1	2.4
Remained basically unchanged	50	82.0	17	85.0	33	80.5
Eased somewhat	10	16.4	3	15.0	7	17.1
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	61	100	20	100	41	100

For this question, 2 respondents answered "My bank does not originate nonfarm-nonresidential loans"

29. Over the past year, how has your bank changed the following policies on loans secured by multifamily residential properties?

a. Maximum loan size

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	3	5.0	0	0.0	3	7.5
Remained basically unchanged	46	76.7	15	75.0	31	77.5
Eased somewhat	10	16.7	4	20.0	6	15.0
Eased considerably	1	1.7	1	5.0	0	0.0
Total	60	100	20	100	40	100

b. Maximum loan maturity

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	1	1.7	0	0.0	1	2.5
Remained basically unchanged	56	93.3	18	90.0	38	95.0
Eased somewhat	3	5.0	2	10.0	1	2.5
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	60	100	20	100	40	100

c. Spread of loan rates over your bank's cost of funds (wider spreads=tightened, narrower spreads=eased)

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	4	6.7	1	5.0	3	7.5
Remained basically unchanged	39	65.0	8	40.0	31	77.5
Eased somewhat	15	25.0	9	45.0	6	15.0
Eased considerably	2	3.3	2	10.0	0	0.0
Total	60	100	20	100	40	100

d. Loan-to-value ratios (lower ratios=tightened, higher ratios=eased)

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	3	5.0	0	0.0	3	7.5
Remained basically unchanged	55	91.7	19	95.0	36	90.0
Eased somewhat	2	3.3	1	5.0	1	2.5
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	60	100	20	100	40	100

e. Debt service coverage ratios (higher ratios=tightened, lower ratios=eased)

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	2	3.3	0	0.0	2	5.0
Remained basically unchanged	52	86.7	16	80.0	36	90.0
Eased somewhat	5	8.3	3	15.0	2	5.0
Eased considerably	1	1.7	1	5.0	0	0.0
Total	60	100	20	100	40	100

f. Market areas served (reduced market areas=tightened, expanded market areas=eased)

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	3	5.0	0	0.0	3	7.5
Remained basically unchanged	53	88.3	19	95.0	34	85.0
Eased somewhat	4	6.7	1	5.0	3	7.5
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	60	100	20	100	40	100

g. Length of interest-only payment period (shorter interest-only periods=tightened, longer interest-only periods=eased)

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	2	3.3	0	0.0	2	5.0
Remained basically unchanged	49	81.7	16	80.0	33	82.5
Eased somewhat	9	15.0	4	20.0	5	12.5
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	60	100	20	100	40	100

For this question, 3 respondents answered "My bank does not originate multifamily loans"

30. If your bank has tightened or eased its credit policies for CRE loans over the past year (as described in questions 27-29 above), how important have the following possible reasons been for the change? (Please respond to either A, B, or both as appropriate.)

A. Possible reasons for tightening credit policies on CRE loans over the past year (where tightening corresponds to answers 1 or 2 in questions 27-29 above):

a. Less favorable or more uncertain outlook for CRE property prices

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not important	2	16.7	0	0.0	2	20.0
Somewhat important	8	66.7	2	100.0	6	60.0
Very important	2	16.7	0	0.0	2	20.0
Total	12	100	2	100	10	100

b. Less favorable or more uncertain outlook for market rents on CRE properties

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not important	3	25.0	0	0.0	3	30.0
Somewhat important	7	58.3	2	100.0	5	50.0
Very important	2	16.7	0	0.0	2	20.0
Total	12	100	2	100	10	100

c. Less favorable or more uncertain outlook for vacancy rates on CRE properties

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not important	3	25.0	0	0.0	3	30.0
Somewhat important	8	66.7	2	100.0	6	60.0
Very important	1	8.3	0	0.0	1	10.0
Total	12	100	2	100	10	100

d. Less favorable or more uncertain outlook for delinquency rates on mortgages backed by CRE properties

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not important	7	58.3	0	0.0	7	70.0
Somewhat important	5	41.7	2	100.0	3	30.0
Very important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	12	100	2	100	10	100

e. Less aggressive competition from other banks or nonbank financial institutions (other financial intermediaries or the capital markets)

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not important	11	91.7	2	100.0	9	90.0
Somewhat important	1	8.3	0	0.0	1	10.0
Very important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	12	100	2	100	10	100

f. Reduced tolerance for risk

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not important	7	58.3	2	100.0	5	50.0
Somewhat important	5	41.7	0	0.0	5	50.0
Very important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	12	100	2	100	10	100

g. Decreased ability to securitize CRE loans

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not important	11	91.7	2	100.0	9	90.0
Somewhat important	1	8.3	0	0.0	1	10.0
Very important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	12	100	2	100	10	100

h. Increased concerns about my bank's capital adequacy or liquidity position

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not important	11	91.7	2	100.0	9	90.0
Somewhat important	1	8.3	0	0.0	1	10.0
Very important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	12	100	2	100	10	100

i. Increased concerns about the effects of regulatory changes or supervisory actions

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not important	11	91.7	2	100.0	9	90.0
Somewhat important	1	8.3	0	0.0	1	10.0
Very important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	12	100	2	100	10	100

B. Possible reasons for easing credit policies on CRE loans over the past year (where easing corresponds to answers 4 or 5 in questions 27-29 above):

a. More favorable or less uncertain outlook for CRE property prices

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not important	18	62.1	8	57.1	10	66.7
Somewhat important	8	27.6	5	35.7	3	20.0
Very important	3	10.3	1	7.1	2	13.3
Total	29	100	14	100	15	100

b. More favorable or less uncertain outlook for market rents on CRE properties

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not important	16	55.2	7	50.0	9	60.0
Somewhat important	10	34.5	6	42.9	4	26.7
Very important	3	10.3	1	7.1	2	13.3
Total	29	100	14	100	15	100

c. More favorable or less uncertain outlook for vacancy rates on CRE properties

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not important	15	53.6	7	50.0	8	57.1
Somewhat important	10	35.7	6	42.9	4	28.6
Very important	3	10.7	1	7.1	2	14.3
Total	28	100	14	100	14	100

d. More favorable or less uncertain outlook for delinquency rates on mortgages backed by CRE properties

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not important	18	62.1	9	64.3	9	60.0
Somewhat important	11	37.9	5	35.7	6	40.0
Very important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	29	100	14	100	15	100

e. More aggressive competition from other banks or nonbank financial institutions (other financial intermediaries or the capital markets)

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not important	5	16.7	2	13.3	3	20.0
Somewhat important	10	33.3	3	20.0	7	46.7
Very important	15	50.0	10	66.7	5	33.3
Total	30	100	15	100	15	100

f. Increased tolerance for risk

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not important	22	75.9	11	78.6	11	73.3
Somewhat important	6	20.7	2	14.3	4	26.7
Very important	1	3.4	1	7.1	0	0.0
Total	29	100	14	100	15	100

g. Increased ability to securitize CRE loans

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not important	26	89.7	13	92.9	13	86.7
Somewhat important	3	10.3	1	7.1	2	13.3
Very important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	29	100	14	100	15	100

h. Reduced concerns about my bank's capital adequacy or liquidity position

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not important	22	75.9	11	78.6	11	73.3
Somewhat important	7	24.1	3	21.4	4	26.7
Very important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	29	100	14	100	15	100

i. Reduced concerns about the effects of regulatory changes or supervisory actions

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not important	24	82.8	13	92.9	11	73.3
Somewhat important	5	17.2	1	7.1	4	26.7
Very important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	29	100	14	100	15	100

31. If demand for CRE loans from your bank has strengthened or weakened over the past year, how important have been the following possible reasons for the change? (Please respond to either A, B, or both as appropriate.)

A. Possible reasons for stronger CRE loan demand over the past year:

a. Customer acquisition or development of properties increased

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not important	13	31.7	1	9.1	12	40.0
Somewhat important	25	61.0	9	81.8	16	53.3
Very important	3	7.3	1	9.1	2	6.7
Total	41	100	11	100	30	100

b. Customer refinancing of maturing loans increased

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not important	14	33.3	2	18.2	12	38.7
Somewhat important	26	61.9	8	72.7	18	58.1
Very important	2	4.8	1	9.1	1	3.2
Total	42	100	11	100	31	100

c. Customer outlook for rental demand became more favorable or less uncertain

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not important	20	47.6	3	27.3	17	54.8
Somewhat important	19	45.2	7	63.6	12	38.7
Very important	3	7.1	1	9.1	2	6.5
Total	42	100	11	100	31	100

d. General level of interest rates decreased

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not important	18	42.9	4	36.4	14	45.2
Somewhat important	20	47.6	6	54.5	14	45.2
Very important	4	9.5	1	9.1	3	9.7
Total	42	100	11	100	31	100

e. Customer internally generated funds decreased

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not important	31	73.8	10	90.9	21	67.7
Somewhat important	11	26.2	1	9.1	10	32.3
Very important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	42	100	11	100	31	100

f. Customer borrowing shifted to your bank from other banks

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not important	24	57.1	6	54.5	18	58.1
Somewhat important	17	40.5	5	45.5	12	38.7
Very important	1	2.4	0	0.0	1	3.2
Total	42	100	11	100	31	100

g. Customer borrowing shifted to your bank from nonbank sources (e.g., CMBS, insurers, or debt funds)

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not important	22	52.4	5	45.5	17	54.8
Somewhat important	20	47.6	6	54.5	14	45.2
Very important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	42	100	11	100	31	100

h. Customer borrowing shifted to your bank from alternatives to CRE-backed funding (e.g., unsecured debt or internal funding)

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not important	26	61.9	8	72.7	18	58.1
Somewhat important	16	38.1	3	27.3	13	41.9
Very important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	42	100	11	100	31	100

i. Customer precautionary demand for cash and liquidity increased

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not important	30	71.4	9	81.8	21	67.7
Somewhat important	12	28.6	2	18.2	10	32.3
Very important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	42	100	11	100	31	100

B. Possible reasons for weaker CRE loan demand over the past year:

a. Customer acquisition or development of properties decreased

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not important	9	27.3	0	0.0	9	30.0
Somewhat important	17	51.5	2	66.7	15	50.0
Very important	7	21.2	1	33.3	6	20.0
Total	33	100	3	100	30	100

b. Customer refinancing of maturing loans decreased

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not important	16	48.5	1	33.3	15	50.0
Somewhat important	13	39.4	2	66.7	11	36.7
Very important	4	12.1	0	0.0	4	13.3
Total	33	100	3	100	30	100

c. Customer outlook for rental demand became less favorable or more uncertain

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not important	7	21.2	1	33.3	6	20.0
Somewhat important	20	60.6	1	33.3	19	63.3
Very important	6	18.2	1	33.3	5	16.7
Total	33	100	3	100	30	100

d. General level of interest rates increased

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not important	13	39.4	0	0.0	13	43.3
Somewhat important	12	36.4	1	33.3	11	36.7
Very important	8	24.2	2	66.7	6	20.0
Total	33	100	3	100	30	100

e. Customer internally generated funds increased

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not important	22	66.7	3	100.0	19	63.3
Somewhat important	11	33.3	0	0.0	11	36.7
Very important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	33	100	3	100	30	100

f. Customer borrowing shifted from your bank to other banks

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not important	18	54.5	1	33.3	17	56.7
Somewhat important	14	42.4	2	66.7	12	40.0
Very important	1	3.0	0	0.0	1	3.3
Total	33	100	3	100	30	100

g. Customer borrowing shifted from your bank to nonbank sources (e.g., CMBS, insurers, or debt funds)

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not important	11	33.3	1	33.3	10	33.3
Somewhat important	19	57.6	2	66.7	17	56.7
Very important	3	9.1	0	0.0	3	10.0
Total	33	100	3	100	30	100

h. Customer borrowing shifted from your bank to alternatives to CRE-backed funding (e.g., unsecured debt or internal funding)

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not important	22	66.7	3	100.0	19	63.3
Somewhat important	10	30.3	0	0.0	10	33.3
Very important	1	3.0	0	0.0	1	3.3
Total	33	100	3	100	30	100

i. Customer precautionary demand for cash and liquidity decreased

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not important	22	66.7	2	66.7	20	66.7
Somewhat important	10	30.3	0	0.0	10	33.3
Very important	1	3.0	1	33.3	0	0.0
Total	33	100	3	100	30	100

Questions 32-36 ask about lending to nondepository financial institutions (NDFIs) at your bank. Questions 32-34 address changes in your bank's lending policies over the past year, while Questions 35 and 36 address changes in demand for NDFI loans over the past year. For definitions of NDFI loan categories, see FFIEC 031 and 041 instructions, Schedule RC-C, Part I, item 9.a.

32. Over the past year, how have your bank's credit standards for approving applications for loans or credit lines to the following NDFIs changed?

A. Standards for mortgage credit intermediaries:

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	8	18.6	0	0.0	8	26.7
Remained basically unchanged	34	79.1	12	92.3	22	73.3
Eased somewhat	1	2.3	1	7.7	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	43	100	13	100	30	100

For this question, 16 respondents answered "My bank does not originate loans or credit lines to mortgage credit intermediaries"

B. Standards for business credit intermediaries:

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	1	2.2	0	0.0	1	3.3
Tightened somewhat	14	30.4	5	31.2	9	30.0
Remained basically unchanged	31	67.4	11	68.8	20	66.7
Eased somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	46	100	16	100	30	100

For this question, 14 respondents answered "My bank does not originate loans or credit lines to business credit intermediaries"

C. Standards for private equity funds:

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	8	16.3	4	23.5	4	12.5
Remained basically unchanged	41	83.7	13	76.5	28	87.5
Eased somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	49	100	17	100	32	100

For this question, 10 respondents answered "My bank does not originate loans or credit lines to private equity funds"

D. Standards for consumer credit intermediaries:

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	2	4.8	0	0.0	2	7.4
Tightened somewhat	11	26.2	3	20.0	8	29.6
Remained basically unchanged	29	69.0	12	80.0	17	63.0
Eased somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	42	100	15	100	27	100

For this question, 16 respondents answered "My bank does not originate loans or credit lines to consumer credit intermediaries"

E. Standards for other NDFIs:

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	1	2.1	0	0.0	1	3.4
Tightened somewhat	12	25.0	6	31.6	6	20.7
Remained basically unchanged	35	72.9	13	68.4	22	75.9
Eased somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	48	100	19	100	29	100

For this question, 11 respondents answered "My bank does not originate loans or credit lines to other NDFIs"

33. For applications for NDFI loans or credit lines that your bank currently is willing to approve, how have the following terms of those loans changed over the past year?

a. Maximum size of credit lines

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	2	3.6	1	5.6	1	2.7
Tightened somewhat	9	16.4	1	5.6	8	21.6
Remained basically unchanged	39	70.9	13	72.2	26	70.3
Eased somewhat	5	9.1	3	16.7	2	5.4
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	55	100	18	100	37	100

b. Maximum maturity of loans or credit lines

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	2	3.6	1	5.6	1	2.7
Tightened somewhat	6	10.9	1	5.6	5	13.5
Remained basically unchanged	46	83.6	16	88.9	30	81.1
Eased somewhat	1	1.8	0	0.0	1	2.7
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	55	100	18	100	37	100

c. Costs of credit lines

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	1	1.8	1	5.6	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	6	10.9	1	5.6	5	13.5
Remained basically unchanged	45	81.8	13	72.2	32	86.5
Eased somewhat	3	5.5	3	16.7	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	55	100	18	100	37	100

d. Spreads of loan rates over your bank's cost of funds (wider spreads=tightened, narrower spreads=eased)

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	2	3.6	1	5.6	1	2.7
Tightened somewhat	9	16.4	2	11.1	7	18.9
Remained basically unchanged	37	67.3	10	55.6	27	73.0
Eased somewhat	7	12.7	5	27.8	2	5.4
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	55	100	18	100	37	100

e. Premiums charged on riskier loans

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	2	3.7	1	5.6	1	2.8
Tightened somewhat	10	18.5	3	16.7	7	19.4
Remained basically unchanged	41	75.9	14	77.8	27	75.0
Eased somewhat	1	1.9	0	0.0	1	2.8
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	54	100	18	100	36	100

f. Loan covenants

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	2	3.6	1	5.6	1	2.7
Tightened somewhat	8	14.5	0	0.0	8	21.6
Remained basically unchanged	45	81.8	17	94.4	28	75.7
Eased somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	55	100	18	100	37	100

g. Collateralization requirements

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	2	3.6	0	0.0	2	5.4
Tightened somewhat	7	12.7	1	5.6	6	16.2
Remained basically unchanged	44	80.0	15	83.3	29	78.4
Eased somewhat	2	3.6	2	11.1	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	55	100	18	100	37	100

h. Use of interest rate floors (more use=tightened, less use=eased)

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Tightened considerably	1	1.9	1	5.9	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	2	3.7	0	0.0	2	5.4
Remained basically unchanged	51	94.4	16	94.1	35	94.6
Eased somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	54	100	17	100	37	100

34. If your bank has tightened or eased its credit standards or its terms for NDFI loans or credit lines over the past year (as described in questions 32 and 33), how important have the following possible reasons been for the change? (Please respond to either A, B, or both as appropriate.)

A. Possible reasons for tightening credit standards or loan terms on NDFI loans over the past year:

a. Deterioration in your bank's current or expected capital position

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not important	22	100.0	8	100.0	14	100.0
Somewhat important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Very important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	22	100	8	100	14	100

b. Deterioration in your bank's current or expected liquidity position

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not important	22	100.0	8	100.0	14	100.0
Somewhat important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Very important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	22	100	8	100	14	100

c. Less favorable or more uncertain economic outlook

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not important	3	13.6	1	12.5	2	14.3
Somewhat important	14	63.6	6	75.0	8	57.1
Very important	5	22.7	1	12.5	4	28.6
Total	22	100	8	100	14	100

d. Less aggressive competition from other banks or nonbank lenders (other financial intermediaries or the capital markets)

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not important	22	100.0	8	100.0	14	100.0
Somewhat important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Very important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	22	100	8	100	14	100

e. Reduced tolerance for risk

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not important	12	54.5	4	50.0	8	57.1
Somewhat important	7	31.8	3	37.5	4	28.6
Very important	3	13.6	1	12.5	2	14.3
Total	22	100	8	100	14	100

f. Increased concerns about the effects of legislative changes, supervisory actions, or changes in accounting standards affecting NDFIs or banks

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not important	17	77.3	8	100.0	9	64.3
Somewhat important	4	18.2	0	0.0	4	28.6
Very important	1	4.5	0	0.0	1	7.1
Total	22	100	8	100	14	100

g. Increased borrower credit risk

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not important	5	22.7	3	37.5	2	14.3
Somewhat important	12	54.5	3	37.5	9	64.3
Very important	5	22.7	2	25.0	3	21.4
Total	22	100	8	100	14	100

h. Decreased risk-adjusted returns from lending to NDFIs

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not important	17	77.3	8	100.0	9	64.3
Somewhat important	3	13.6	0	0.0	3	21.4
Very important	2	9.1	0	0.0	2	14.3
Total	22	100	8	100	14	100

B. Possible reasons for easing credit standards or loan terms on NDFI loans over the past year:

a. Improvement in your bank's current or expected capital position

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not important	9	90.0	4	80.0	5	100.0
Somewhat important	1	10.0	1	20.0	0	0.0
Very important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	10	100	5	100	5	100

b. Improvement in your bank's current or expected liquidity position

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not important	10	100.0	5	100.0	5	100.0
Somewhat important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Very important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	10	100	5	100	5	100

c. More favorable or less uncertain economic outlook

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not important	5	50.0	3	60.0	2	40.0
Somewhat important	4	40.0	2	40.0	2	40.0
Very important	1	10.0	0	0.0	1	20.0
Total	10	100	5	100	5	100

d. More aggressive competition from other banks or nonbank lenders (other financial intermediaries or the capital markets)

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not important	5	50.0	2	40.0	3	60.0
Somewhat important	3	30.0	1	20.0	2	40.0
Very important	2	20.0	2	40.0	0	0.0
Total	10	100	5	100	5	100

e. Increased tolerance for risk

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not important	10	100.0	5	100.0	5	100.0
Somewhat important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Very important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	10	100	5	100	5	100

f. Reduced concerns about the effects of legislative changes, supervisory actions, or changes in accounting standards affecting NDFIs or banks

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not important	9	90.0	5	100.0	4	80.0
Somewhat important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Very important	1	10.0	0	0.0	1	20.0
Total	10	100	5	100	5	100

g. Reduced borrower credit risk

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not important	6	60.0	3	60.0	3	60.0
Somewhat important	3	30.0	2	40.0	1	20.0
Very important	1	10.0	0	0.0	1	20.0
Total	10	100	5	100	5	100

h. Increased risk-adjusted returns from lending to NDFIs

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not important	7	77.8	3	75.0	4	80.0
Somewhat important	1	11.1	1	25.0	0	0.0
Very important	1	11.1	0	0.0	1	20.0
Total	9	100	4	100	5	100

35. How has demand for NDFI loans at your bank changed over the past year? (Please consider only funds actually disbursed as opposed to requests for new or increased lines of credit.)

A. Demand from mortgage credit intermediaries:

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Substantially stronger	2	3.9	1	6.2	1	2.9
Moderately stronger	7	13.7	3	18.8	4	11.4
About the same	39	76.5	12	75.0	27	77.1
Moderately weaker	2	3.9	0	0.0	2	5.7
Substantially weaker	1	2.0	0	0.0	1	2.9
Total	51	100	16	100	35	100

B. Demand from business credit intermediaries:

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Substantially stronger	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Moderately stronger	10	19.2	5	29.4	5	14.3
About the same	40	76.9	12	70.6	28	80.0
Moderately weaker	2	3.8	0	0.0	2	5.7
Substantially weaker	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	52	100	17	100	35	100

C. Demand from private equity funds:

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Substantially stronger	1	1.9	0	0.0	1	2.8
Moderately stronger	15	27.8	8	44.4	7	19.4
About the same	37	68.5	10	55.6	27	75.0
Moderately weaker	1	1.9	0	0.0	1	2.8
Substantially weaker	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	54	100	18	100	36	100

D. Demand from consumer credit intermediaries:

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Substantially stronger	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Moderately stronger	5	9.8	2	11.8	3	8.8
About the same	44	86.3	15	88.2	29	85.3
Moderately weaker	1	2.0	0	0.0	1	2.9
Substantially weaker	1	2.0	0	0.0	1	2.9
Total	51	100	17	100	34	100

E. Demand from other NDFIs:

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Substantially stronger	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Moderately stronger	8	15.4	3	15.8	5	15.2
About the same	42	80.8	16	84.2	26	78.8
Moderately weaker	1	1.9	0	0.0	1	3.0
Substantially weaker	1	1.9	0	0.0	1	3.0
Total	52	100	19	100	33	100

36. If demand for NDFI loans at your bank has strengthened or weakened over the past year, how important have the following possible reasons been for the change? (Please respond to either A, B, or both as appropriate.)

A. Possible reasons for stronger NDFI loan demand over the past year:

a. Improvement in NDFIs' investment opportunities

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not important	14	66.7	5	50.0	9	81.8
Somewhat important	5	23.8	3	30.0	2	18.2
Very important	2	9.5	2	20.0	0	0.0
Total	21	100	10	100	11	100

b. Increased liquidity needs of NDFIs

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not important	7	33.3	3	30.0	4	36.4
Somewhat important	9	42.9	4	40.0	5	45.5
Very important	5	23.8	3	30.0	2	18.2
Total	21	100	10	100	11	100

c. General level of interest rates decreased

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not important	17	81.0	7	70.0	10	90.9
Somewhat important	4	19.0	3	30.0	1	9.1
Very important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	21	100	10	100	11	100

d. NDFI borrowing shifted to your bank from other banks

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not important	12	57.1	7	70.0	5	45.5
Somewhat important	9	42.9	3	30.0	6	54.5
Very important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	21	100	10	100	11	100

e. NDFI borrowing shifted to your bank from nonbank sources

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not important	17	81.0	9	90.0	8	72.7
Somewhat important	4	19.0	1	10.0	3	27.3
Very important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	21	100	10	100	11	100

f. Changes in regulations affecting NDFIs or banks

	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
Not important	18	85.7	10	100.0	8	72.7
Somewhat important	3	14.3	0	0.0	3	27.3
Very important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	21	100	10	100	11	100

B. Possible reasons for weaker NDFI loan demand over the past year:

a. Deterioration in NDFIs' investment opportunities