December 2025

Economic Diversity and the Resilience of Cities

François de Soyres, Simon Fuchs, Illenin O. Kondo, and Helene Maghin

Abstract:

We develop a framework to assess how economic shocks affect local labor markets and worker welfare, with a focus on city-level economic diversity. Using detailed worker flow data across cities, sectors, and occupations, we construct theory-consistent welfare measures. Our approach combines a dynamic discrete choice model with a dual representation that captures both direct effects and the insurance value of local economic diversity. Applied to French labor markets, we find that diversification dampens the effect of negative shocks: both job-to-job moves and net inflows decline less in diverse cities than in concentrated ones. Overall, we document sizable welfare insurance gains from local economic diversity.

Keywords: sufficient statistic, labor flows, concentration, economic diversity, welfare

DOI: https://doi.org/10.17016/IFDP.2025.1426

PDF: Full Paper

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Last Update: December 12, 2025