Accessible Version - Dodd-Frank Act Stress Test 2020: Supervisory Stress Test Results - June 2020

Figure 1. Historical and stressed tier 1 common ratio and common equity tier 1 ratio
Period Scenario Ratio
Q3 2012 Actual tier 1 common 11.1
Q3 2013 Actual tier 1 common 11.5
Q3 2014 Actual tier 1 common 11.9
Q4 2015 Actual CET1 12.3
Q4 2016 Actual CET1 12.5
Q4 2017 Actual CET1 12.3
Q4 2018 Actual CET1 12.3
Q4 2019 Actual CET1 12.0
Q1 2022 Stressed CET1 10.3

Source: FR Y-9C, FR Y-14A, and supervisory estimates under the severely adverse scenario.

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Figure 2. Loan loss rates, severely adverse scenario
Period Percent
DFAST 2014 6.9
DFAST 2015 6.1
DFAST 2016 6.1
DFAST 2017 5.8
DFAST 2018 6.4
DFAST 2019 5.7
DFAST 2020 6.3

Note: Loan Loss rates as a percent of average total loan balances is calculated for all firms subject to the supervisory stress test in each exercise.

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Figure 3. Pre-provision net revenue as a percent of average
Period Percent
DFAST 2014 2.3
DFAST 2015 2.1
DFAST 2016 2.5
DFAST 2017 2.6
DFAST 2018 3
DFAST 2019 2.4
DFAST 2020 2.6

Note: Pre-provision net revenue as a percent of average total assets is calculated for all firms subject to the supervisory stress test in each exercise.

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Figure 4. Pre-tax net income as a percent of average total
Period Percent
DFAST 2014 -1.6
DFAST 2015 -1.5
DFAST 2016 -1.3
DFAST 2017 -0.7
DFAST 2018 -0.8
DFAST 2019 -0.8
DFAST 2020 -1.1

Note: Pre-tax net income as a percent of average total assets is calculated for all firms subject to the supervisory stress test in each exercise.

Figure 5. Unemployment rate in the severely adverse and adverse scenarios, 2014:Q1 - 2023:Q1

Percent

Period Historic average Severely adverse
2014:Q1 6.7 ­
2014:Q2 6.2 ­
2014:Q3 6.1 ­
2014:Q4 5.7 ­
2015:Q1 5.5 ­
2015:Q2 5.4 ­
2015:Q3 5.1 ­
2015:Q4 5.0 ­
2016:Q1 4.9 ­
2016:Q2 4.9 ­
2016:Q3 4.9 ­
2016:Q4 4.8 ­
2017:Q1 4.6 ­
2017:Q2 4.4 ­
2017:Q3 4.3 ­
2017:Q4 4.1 ­
2018:Q1 4.1 ­
2018:Q2 3.9 ­
2018:Q3 3.8 ­
2018:Q4 3.8 ­
2019:Q1 3.9 ­
2019:Q2 3.6 ­
2019:Q3 3.6 ­
2019:Q4 3.5 ­
2020:Q1 ­ 4.5
2020:Q2 ­ 6.1
2020:Q3 ­ 7.4
2020:Q4 ­ 8.4
2021:Q1 ­ 9.2
2021:Q2 ­ 9.7
2021:Q3 ­ 10.0
2021:Q4 ­ 9.9
2022:Q1 ­ 9.7
2022:Q2 ­ 9.5
2022:Q3 ­ 9.2
2022:Q4 ­ 8.8
2023:Q1 ­ 8.5

Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics for historical data and Federal Reserve

Figure 6. Real GDP growth rate in the severely adverse and adverse scenario, 2014:Q1 - 2023:Q1

Percent

Period Historic average Severely adverse
2014:Q1 -1.1 ­
2014:Q2 5.5 ­
2014:Q3 5.0 ­
2014:Q4 2.3 ­
2015:Q1 3.2 ­
2015:Q2 3.0 ­
2015:Q3 1.3 ­
2015:Q4 0.1 ­
2016:Q1 2.0 ­
2016:Q2 1.9 ­
2016:Q3 2.2 ­
2016:Q4 2.0 ­
2017:Q1 2.3 ­
2017:Q2 2.2 ­
2017:Q3 3.2 ­
2017:Q4 3.5 ­
2018:Q1 2.6 ­
2018:Q2 3.5 ­
2018:Q3 2.9 ­
2018:Q4 1.1 ­
2019:Q1 3.1 ­
2019:Q2 2.0 ­
2019:Q3 2.1 ­
2019:Q4 2.0 ­
2020:Q1 ­ -5.3
2020:Q2 ­ -9.9
2020:Q3 ­ -7.6
2020:Q4 ­ -5.3
2021:Q1 ­ -4.1
2021:Q2 ­ -1.6
2021:Q3 ­ -0.4
2021:Q4 ­ 2.9
2022:Q1 ­ 3.7
2022:Q2 ­ 4.2
2022:Q3 ­ 4.5
2022:Q4 ­ 4.7
2023:Q1 ­ 4.7

Source: Bureau of Economic Analysis for historical data and Federal Reserve assumptions for the severely adverse scenario.

Figure 7. Dow Jones Total Stock Market Index in the severely adverse scenario, 2014:Q1–2023:Q1

Index Level

Period Historic average Severely adverse
2014:Q1 19,711.20 ­
2014:Q2 20,568.70 ­
2014:Q3 20,458.80 ­
2014:Q4 21,424.60 ­
2015:Q1 21,707.60 ­
2015:Q2 21,630.90 ­
2015:Q3 19,959.30 ­
2015:Q4 21,100.90 ­
2016:Q1 21,179.40 ­
2016:Q2 21,621.50 ­
2016:Q3 22,468.60 ­
2016:Q4 23,276.70 ­
2017:Q1 24,508.30 ­
2017:Q2 25,125.00 ­
2017:Q3 26,148.50 ­
2017:Q4 27,673.20 ­
2018:Q1 27,383.00 ­
2018:Q2 28,313.80 ­
2018:Q3 30,189.60 ­
2018:Q4 25,724.50 ­
2019:Q1 29,193.90 ­
2019:Q2 30,243.80 ­
2019:Q3 30,441.80 ­
2019:Q4 33,035.40 ­
2020:Q1 ­ 22,262.40
2020:Q2 ­ 18,622.50
2020:Q3 ­ 16,910.40
2020:Q4 ­ 16,517.70
2021:Q1 ­ 17,151.20
2021:Q2 ­ 18,193.40
2021:Q3 ­ 19,439.60
2021:Q4 ­ 20,915.10
2022:Q1 ­ 22,661.50
2022:Q2 ­ 24,497.30
2022:Q3 ­ 26,589.00
2022:Q4 ­ 28,904.80
2023:Q1 ­ 31,454.30

Source: Bureau of Economic Analysis for historical data and Federal Reserve assumptions for the severely adverse scenario.

Figure 8. National House Price Index in the severely adverse and adverse scenarios, 2014:Q1 - 2023:Q1

Index Level

Period Historic average Severely adverse data
2014:Q1 160.3 ­
2014:Q2 161.4 ­
2014:Q3 163.6 ­
2014:Q4 166.1 ­
2015:Q1 168.2 ­
2015:Q2 170.2 ­
2015:Q3 172.6 ­
2015:Q4 175.1 ­
2016:Q1 177.2 ­
2016:Q2 179.3 ­
2016:Q3 181.8 ­
2016:Q4 184.7 ­
2017:Q1 187.1 ­
2017:Q2 189.7 ­
2017:Q3 192.9 ­
2017:Q4 196.1 ­
2018:Q1 199.2 ­
2018:Q2 201.5 ­
2018:Q3 203.3 ­
2018:Q4 204.8 ­
2019:Q1 206.3 ­
2019:Q2 208.1 ­
2019:Q3 210.2 ­
2019:Q4 211.5 ­
2020:Q1 ­ 205.4
2020:Q2 ­ 198.0
2020:Q3 ­ 190.7
2020:Q4 ­ 181.9
2021:Q1 ­ 173.5
2021:Q2 ­ 165.8
2021:Q3 ­ 158.4
2021:Q4 ­ 154.3
2022:Q1 ­ 153.0
2022:Q2 ­ 154.2
2022:Q3 ­ 155.6
2022:Q4 ­ 158.1
2023:Q1 ­ 160.7

Source: CoreLogic for historical data (seasonally adjusted by Federal Reserve) and Federal Reserve assumptions for the severely adverse scenario.

Figure 9. U.S. BBB corporate yield in the severely adverse scenario, 2014:Q1–2023:Q1

Percentage Yield

Period Historic average Severely adverse
2014:Q1 4.4 ­
2014:Q2 4.0 ­
2014:Q3 3.9 ­
2014:Q4 4.0 ­
2015:Q1 3.9 ­
2015:Q2 3.9 ­
2015:Q3 4.3 ­
2015:Q4 4.4 ­
2016:Q1 4.5 ­
2016:Q2 3.9 ­
2016:Q3 3.5 ­
2016:Q4 3.9 ­
2017:Q1 4.0 ­
2017:Q2 3.8 ­
2017:Q3 3.7 ­
2017:Q4 3.7 ­
2018:Q1 4.1 ­
2018:Q2 4.5 ­
2018:Q3 4.5 ­
2018:Q4 4.8 ­
2019:Q1 4.5 ­
2019:Q2 4.0 ­
2019:Q3 3.4 ­
2019:Q4 3.3 ­
2020:Q1 ­ 5.2
2020:Q2 ­ 6.1
2020:Q3 ­ 6.5
2020:Q4 ­ 6.6
2021:Q1 ­ 6.2
2021:Q2 ­ 5.9
2021:Q3 ­ 5.6
2021:Q4 ­ 5.2
2022:Q1 ­ 4.9
2022:Q2 ­ 4.6
2022:Q3 ­ 4.4
2022:Q4 ­ 4.1
2023:Q1 ­ 3.7

Source: ICE Data Indices, LLC, used with permission for historical data and Federal Reserve assumptions for the severely adverse scenario.

Figure 10. U.S. Market Volatility Index (VIX) in the severely adverse scenario, 2014:Q1 - 2023:Q1

Index Level

Period Historic average Severely adverse
2014:Q1 21.4 ­
2014:Q2 17.0 ­
2014:Q3 17.0 ­
2014:Q4 26.3 ­
2015:Q1 22.4 ­
2015:Q2 18.9 ­
2015:Q3 40.7 ­
2015:Q4 24.4 ­
2016:Q1 28.1 ­
2016:Q2 25.8 ­
2016:Q3 18.1 ­
2016:Q4 22.5 ­
2017:Q1 13.1 ­
2017:Q2 16.0 ­
2017:Q3 16.0 ­
2017:Q4 13.1 ­
2018:Q1 37.3 ­
2018:Q2 23.6 ­
2018:Q3 16.1 ­
2018:Q4 36.1 ­
2019:Q1 25.5 ­
2019:Q2 20.6 ­
2019:Q3 24.6 ­
2019:Q4 20.6 ­
2020:Q1 ­ 69.1
2020:Q2 ­ 70.0
2020:Q3 ­ 66.0
2020:Q4 ­ 60.3
2021:Q1 ­ 51.2
2021:Q2 ­ 44.9
2021:Q3 ­ 40.1
2021:Q4 ­ 36.2
2022:Q1 ­ 32.7
2022:Q2 ­ 29.4
2022:Q3 ­ 26.2
2022:Q4 ­ 23.0
2023:Q1 ­ 20.0

Source: Chicago Board Options Exchange for historical data (converted to quarterly by Federal Reserve using the maximum quarterly close-of-day value) and Federal Reserve assumptions for the severely adverse scenario.

Figure 11. Projecting net income and regulatory capital

The flow chart starts with a box stating, Net interest income + noninterest income – noninterest expense = pre-provision net revenue (PPNR) Note: PPNR includes income from mortgage servicing rights and losses from operational-risk events and other real-estate owned (OREO) costs. There is an arrow pointing downwards leading to the next box, PPNR + other revenue – provisions for credit losses* – Available-for-sale (AFS) and Held-to-maturity (HTM) securities losses* – Held for sale (HFS) and Fair-value option (FVO) loan losses – trading and counterparty losses = pre-tax net income. Note: Change in the allowances for credit losses + net charge-offs = provisions for credit losses. *For firms that have adopted ASU 2016-13, the Federal Reserve incorporated its projection of expected credit losses on securities in the allowance for credit losses, in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB), Financial Instruments–Credit Losses (Topic 326), FASB Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2016-13 (Norwalk, Conn.: FASB, June 2016). There is an arrow pointing downwards leading to the next box, Pre-tax net income – taxes – income attributable to minority interest – change in the valuation allowance = after-tax net income. There is an arrow pointing downwards leading to the next box, After-tax net income – payments on non-common capital + other comprehensive income = change in equity capital. There is an arrow pointing downwards leading to the last box, Change in equity capital – change in adjustments and deductions from regulatory capital + other additions to regulatory capital = change in regulatory capital.

Figure 12. Projected losses in the severely adverse scenario

Billions of Dollars

Source of loss Loss amount
First-lien mortgages, domestic 19
Junior liens and HELOCs 7
Commercial and industrial loans 114
Commercial real estate, domestic 48
Credit cards 144
Other consumer loans 48
Other loans 52
Securities losses 6
Trading and counterparty losses 83
Other losses 29

Note: The projected losses are not comparable to DFAST 2019. There were 18 participating firms in DFAST 2019 and 33 participating firms in DFAST 2020.

Figure 13. Change from 2019:Q4 to minimum common equity tier 1 ratio in the severely adverse scenario

Percent

Firm Percent change
Ally 3.3
American Express -0.4
Bank of America 1.5
Bank of NY-Mellon 0.2
Barclays US 2.9
BMO 6
BNP Paribas USA 5.5
Capital One 5.4
Citigroup 1.5
Citizens 2.9
Credit Suisse USA 5.2
DB USA 7.8
Discover 3
Fifth Third 1.7
Goldman Sachs 6.3
HSBC 5.7
Huntington 1.4
JPMorgan Chase 2.5
KeyCorp 1.4
M&T 1.2
Morgan Stanley 5.1
MUFG Americas 4.4
Northern Trust -0.1
PNC 0.3
RBC USA 3.6
Regions 2.4
Santander 1.5
State Street 0.3
TD Group 0
Truist 2
UBS Americas 4.1
U.S. Bancorp 0.2
Wells Fargo 2.0

Note: Estimates are for the nine-quarter period from 2020:Q1–2022:Q1 as a percent of risk-weighted assets. Median marked with vertical line at 2.4%

Figure 14. Total loan loss rates in the severely adverse scenario

Percent

Firm Loan loss rate
Ally 6.4
American Express 10.7
Bank of America 4.7
Bank of NY-Mellon 2.7
Barclays US 11
BMO 6.4
BNP Paribas USA 7
Capital One 15.5
Citigroup 6.7
Citizens 5.6
Credit Suisse USA 0.9
DB USA 3.2
Discover 17
Fifth Third 6.8
Goldman Sachs 8.1
HSBC 6
Huntington 5.1
JPMorgan Chase 6.6
KeyCorp 5.3
M&T 5.5
Morgan Stanley 3.5
MUFG Americas 5.7
Northern Trust 5.7
PNC 5.1
RBC USA 5.2
Regions 6.3
Santander 9.3
State Street 4.5
TD Group 5.9
Truist 5.1
UBS Americas 2
U.S. Bancorp 5.8
Wells Fargo 4.9

Note: Estimates are for the nine-quarter period from 2020:Q1–2022:Q1 as a percent of average balances. Median marked with a vertical line at 5.7%

Figure 15. PPNR rates in the severely adverse scenario

Percent

Firm PPNR rate
Ally 2.8
American Express 12
Bank of America 1.7
Bank of NY-Mellon 1.9
Barclays US 2.8
BMO -0.4
BNP Paribas USA 0.7
Capital One 7.9
Citigroup 3
Citizens 2.3
Credit Suisse USA 1.1
DB USA -0.2
Discover 13.8
Fifth Third 3.8
Goldman Sachs 1.1
HSBC -0.1
Huntington 3
JPMorgan Chase 2.7
KeyCorp 3
M&T 3.9
Morgan Stanley 0.6
MUFG Americas 1
Northern Trust 1.9
PNC 3.1
RBC USA 1.1
Regions 3
Santander 4.9
State Street 1.5
TD Group 2.6
Truist 2.5
UBS Americas 2.4
U.S. Bancorp 3.7
Wells Fargo 2.6

Note: Estimates are for the nine-quarter period from 2020:Q1–2022:Q1 as a percent of average assets. Median marked with a vertical line at 2.6%.

Figure 16. Pre-tax net income rates in the severely adverse scenario

Percent

Firm Pre-tax net income rate
Ally -2.9
American Express 2.2
Bank of America -1.1
Bank of NY-Mellon 1.2
Barclays US -0.9
BMO -4.2
BNP Paribas USA -3.9
Capital One -4.3
Citigroup 0
Citizens -2.6
Credit Suisse USA -1.6
DB USA -1.8
Discover -2.5
Fifth Third -1.3
Goldman Sachs -2.7
HSBC -2.5
Huntington -1
JPMorgan Chase -0.9
KeyCorp -1.1
M&T -0.8
Morgan Stanley -1.8
MUFG Americas -2.9
Northern Trust 0.2
PNC -0.2
RBC USA -1.9
Regions -2
Santander -0.8
State Street 0.6
TD Group 0
Truist -1.7
UBS Americas 0.4
U.S. Bancorp 0
Wells Fargo -0.8

Note: Estimates are for the nine-quarter period from 2020:Q1–2022:Q1 as a percent of average assets. Median marked with a vertical line at -1.1%.

Figure C.1. First-lien mortgages, domestic loss rates in the severely adverse scenario

Percent

Firm Loss rate
Ally 1.3
American Express 0.0
Bank of America 1.2
Bank of NY-Mellon 1.5
Barclays US 0.0
BMO 1.4
BNP Paribas USA 1.9
Capital One 1.9
Citigroup 1.9
Citizens 1.7
Credit Suisse USA 0.0
DB USA 1.4
Discover 1.9
Fifth Third 2.1
Goldman Sachs 25.9
HSBC 2.2
Huntington 2.7
JPMorgan Chase 1.5
KeyCorp 2.4
M&T 2.8
Morgan Stanley 1.6
MUFG Americas 2.4
Northern Trust 1.6
PNC 1.3
RBC USA 2.0
Regions 2.4
Santander 2.2
State Street 0.0
TD Group 1.6
Truist 1.8
UBS Americas 1.8
U.S. Bancorp 1.5
Wells Fargo 1.2

Note: Median marked with a vertical line at 1.8%.

Figure C.2. Junior liens and HELOCs, domestic loss rates in the severely adverse scenario

Percent

Firm Loss rate
Ally 4.1
American Express 0.0
Bank of America 2.4
Bank of NY-Mellon 7.6
Barclays US 0.0
BMO 4.2
BNP Paribas USA 3.5
Capital One 4.9
Citigroup 6.6
Citizens 4.1
Credit Suisse USA 0.0
DB USA 6.3
Discover 10.0
Fifth Third 3.9
Goldman Sachs 4.1
HSBC 7.5
Huntington 3.1
JPMorgan Chase 2.0
KeyCorp 3.1
M&T 3.4
Morgan Stanley 4.1
MUFG Americas 2.8
Northern Trust 8.3
PNC 1.6
RBC USA 3.8
Regions 4.4
Santander 3.8
State Street 0.0
TD Group 4.1
Truist 2.8
UBS Americas 0.0
U.S. Bancorp 4.2
Wells Fargo 2.5

Note: Median marked with vertical line at 4.1%.

Figure C.3. Commercial and industrial loss rates in the severely adverse scenario

Percent

Firm Loss rate
Ally 6.4
American Express 11.0
Bank of America 5.3
Bank of NY-Mellon 4.5
Barclays US 20.9
BMO 7.3
BNP Paribas USA 10.5
Capital One 12.3
Citigroup 4.7
Citizens 6.2
Credit Suisse USA 0.0
DB USA 1.0
Discover 18.4
Fifth Third 7.5
Goldman Sachs 14.9
HSBC 6.1
Huntington 6.1
JPMorgan Chase 11.3
KeyCorp 6.5
M&T 6.2
Morgan Stanley 10.4
MUFG Americas 11.5
Northern Trust 6.5
PNC 6.4
RBC USA 11.9
Regions 7.8
Santander 4.8
State Street 6.8
TD Group 6.7
Truist 6.0
UBS Americas 4.0
U.S. Bancorp 6.9
Wells Fargo 6.7

Note: Median marked with vertical line at 6.7%.

Figure C.4. Commercial real estate, domestic loss rates in the severely adverse scenario

Percent

Firm Loss rate
Ally 3.7
American Express 0.0
Bank of America 6.6
Bank of NY-Mellon 6.2
Barclays US 5.2
BMO 9.1
BNP Paribas USA 8.0
Capital One 4.3
Citigroup 5.7
Citizens 8.1
Credit Suisse USA 20.9
DB USA 5.8
Discover 12.2
Fifth Third 10.8
Goldman Sachs 11.6
HSBC 7.8
Huntington 7.7
JPMorgan Chase 3.2
KeyCorp 6.8
M&T 6.2
Morgan Stanley 8.6
MUFG Americas 5.7
Northern Trust 5.5
PNC 6.3
RBC USA 7.1
Regions 9.3
Santander 4.2
State Street 1.8
TD Group 5.2
Truist 5.8
UBS Americas 1.4
U.S. Bancorp 7.1
Wells Fargo 8.0

Note: Median marked with vertical line at 6.45%.

Figure C.5. Credit card loss rates in the severely adverse scenario

Percent

Firm Loss rate
Ally 0.0
American Express 10.4
Bank of America 16.0
Bank of NY-Mellon 0.0
Barclays US 16.1
BMO 16.8
BNP Paribas USA 18.7
Capital One 23.0
Citigroup 16.4
Citizens 16.4
Credit Suisse USA 0.0
DB USA 0.0
Discover 18.7
Fifth Third 23.5
Goldman Sachs 18.7
HSBC 26.4
Huntington 18.7
JPMorgan Chase 16.1
KeyCorp 18.7
M&T 18.7
Morgan Stanley 0.0
MUFG Americas 18.7
Northern Trust 0.0
PNC 19.9
RBC USA 18.7
Regions 18.7
Santander 17.2
State Street 0.0
TD Group 22.2
Truist 18.1
UBS Americas 18.7
U.S. Bancorp 18.1
Wells Fargo 18.7

Note: Median marked with vertical line at 18.7%.

Figure C.6. Other consumer loss rates in the severely adverse scenario

Percent

Firm Loss rate
Ally 7.7
American Express 16.0
Bank of America 2.0
Bank of NY-Mellon 11.1
Barclays US 15.4
BMO 3.6
BNP Paribas USA 7.2
Capital One 11.4
Citigroup 10.2
Citizens 6.5
Credit Suisse USA 15.4
DB USA 6.0
Discover 9.9
Fifth Third 5.2
Goldman Sachs 13.0
HSBC 10.2
Huntington 4.6
JPMorgan Chase 3.9
KeyCorp 5.1
M&T 6.6
Morgan Stanley 0.8
MUFG Americas 16.2
Northern Trust 15.4
PNC 4.1
RBC USA 14.1
Regions 11.8
Santander 17.3
State Street 0.6
TD Group 3.4
Truist 7.1
UBS Americas 0.7
U.S. Bancorp 3.7
Wells Fargo 5.6

Note: Median marked with vertical line at 7.1%.

Figure C.7. Other loans loss rates in the severely adverse scenario

Percent

Firm Loss rate
Ally 11.1
American Express 6.0
Bank of America 3.0
Bank of NY-Mellon 1.7
Barclays US 0.8
BMO 6.2
BNP Paribas USA 5.2
Capital One 5.5
Citigroup 2.3
Citizens 4.0
Credit Suisse USA 0.6
DB USA 2.5
Discover 5.8
Fifth Third 4.3
Goldman Sachs 4.7
HSBC 7.0
Huntington 3.8
JPMorgan Chase 4.7
KeyCorp 3.0
M&T 4.6
Morgan Stanley 3.2
MUFG Americas 4.7
Northern Trust 6.6
PNC 2.7
RBC USA 3.0
Regions 3.0
Santander 3.1
State Street 4.3
TD Group 3.5
Truist 3.5
UBS Americas 3.7
U.S. Bancorp 4.8
Wells Fargo 4.1

Note: Median marked with vertical line at 4.0%.

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Last Update: June 25, 2021